1. Components of Earth’s Climate

2. Earth’s Climate System
4 Main Components
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
Biosphere

3. Atmosphere Layers of mixed gases “skin on a tomato…”
Conserves energy – keeps Earth warm
Blocks harmful radiation (ozone)

5. Atmosphere
YouTube: “Reveal Earth’s Atmosphere”

6. Hydrosphere Includes liquid water, vapour and ice Moves energy from
one place to another
Water cycle very important – cooling

7. The Water Cycle

8. Hydrosphere Hydro = water bodies of water affect nearby climate
Cooler in summer
Warmer in fall
Eg. Lake effect snow (moist air picks up water; deposits it as snow over land)

9. LAKE EFFECT SNOW LAKE EFFECT SNOW LAKE EFFECT SNOW
More snow on south shore!
LAKE EFFECT SNOW
LAKE EFFECT SNOW
LAKE EFFECT SNOW
More snow on south shore!
More snow on south shore!

10. Hydrosphere Ice 2% frozen at poles Sea ice (Arctic) thin
Ice sheets (Antarctic) thick
Reflects more energy
Areas are colder

11. Lithosphere Aka Earth’s Crust Extends under oceans
Absorbs UV; converts to thermal energy; emits infrared (low energy)
Mountains affect air movement (rain shadow effect)
Lower air pressure up high (air cools)

13. Biosphere Aka Living Things All plants and animals Change gas levels
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Methane
Gases absorb infrared (inc. temperature)

14. Biosphere Scientists attempting to artificially create
Alter climate – see effect on plants and animals
Not profitable – built for 500 million, sold for 50 million!