1. *Please turn in your aerial photos activity in the basket by the door!*
Warm Up
Complete the following problems for a map with a ratio scale of 1:50,000
A length of 4 millimeters on the map is how long in reality (in kilometers)?
2. 5 square kilometers in reality would be represented by what area on the map (in square centimeters)?
1) 1/5km 2) 20cm^2

2. Learning Objectives
Define the terms biodiversity, species, and "defined species“
explain why the percentage of species that have been defined varies widely by taxonomic group.

3. Assignments
Syllabus, Lab Safety Contract, AND Student Contact Form – Due TOMORROW
Discussion Questions (Darwin Article) – Due TOMORROW
Ratio Scale Problems – Due Tuesday 8/29
Blank Project Notebook (composition book) – Due Wednesday 8/30

4. Biodiversity What is “biodiversity”? Types?
Degree of variation of life
Types?
Taxonomic Diversity
Ecosystem Diversity
Species Diversity
Morphological Diversity
Genetic Diversity

5. The “Father of Biodiversity”
E.O. Wilson in 2003

6. Species Biodiversity What is a species?
Group of individuals that can produce fertile offspring
How many different species have been described?
What defines a “described” species?
Seen it
Scientific name and written description
Official specimen on file

7. Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections
Texas A&M University, College Station
Natural history collection of specimens including amphibians, reptiles, fishes, mammals, birds, parasites, and marine invertebrates
Deposited by faculty, students, researchers/affiliates
Available for use by scientific community

8. Mammals foreground, birds background

9. Mammals

10. Pileated Woodpeckers

11. Barred Owls

12. Snowy Owls, foreground is from 1952

14. Marine invertebrates

15. Fish

16. Described Species Activity
> Mammals
Described Species Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
> Insects
> Birds
> Arachnids
Protista
2.8%
> Reptiles
Fungi
5.2%
> Mollusks
> Amphibians
> Crustaceans
> Fishes
> Millipedes, Centipedes, Allies
> Other Chordates
Flowering Plants
14.0%
> Mosses, Allies
> Earthworms, Allies
~1.9 million
> Algae (Plant)
> Starfish, Allies
> Flowering Plants
Insects
53.0%
> Ferns, Allies
> Roundworms
> Conifers, Allies
> Flatworms
Mollusks
4.4%
Arachnids
5.3%
> Fungi
> Jellyfish, Allies
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Sponges
> Viruses
> Other Invertebrates
> Protista

17. Surprises? Biases?

18. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
> Insects
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
~ million
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants

19. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
> Insects
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
Vertebrates
76.9%
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)

20. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
Insects
20.3%
> Insects
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)

21. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
Arachnids
17.0%
> Insects
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)

22. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
> Insects
> Arachnids
Mollusks
42.5%
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)

23. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
> Insects
Crustaceans
31.3%
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)

24. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
Roundworms
5.0%
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
> Insects
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)

25. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
> Insects
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
Plants
76.2%
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)

26. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
Fungi
6.6%
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
> Insects
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)

27. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
Bacteria and Archaea
1.0%
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
> Insects
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)

28. Total Species on Earth Activity
(Data from Chapman, 2009)
Protista
4.5%
> Vertebrates
> Mollusks
> Insects
> Arachnids
> Crustaceans
> Roundworms
> Bacteria, Archaea
> Protista
> Fungi
> Plants
BLUE = Already described
RED = Left to be discovered (estimate)