1. Treat everyone with sincerity,
they will certainly appear likeable and friendly.

2. Data Analysis with SAS Topic: Descriptive Statistics
By Prof Kelly Fan, Cal State Univ, East Bay

3. Two Basic Strategies to Explore Data
Begin by examining each variable by itself. Then move on to study the relationship among the variables.
Begin with a graph or graphs. Then add numerical summaries of specific aspects of the data.

4. Descriptive Statistics
Displaying data/variables with graphs
for categorical (qualitative) variables: Bar plot and Pie chart
for quantitative variables: Stemplot, Histogram, Boxplot and Scatterplot
Describing data/variables with numbers
for categorical (qualitative) variables:
Relative Frequency (Sample Proportion)
Frequency
for quantitative variables:
to measure center: Mean and Median
to measure spread: Interquartile Range (IQR) and Standard Deviation
outliers
five-number summary (boxplot)

5. Descriptive Statistics for Two Variables
1 categorical + 1 quantitative variables
Summary table; bar chart; (side-by-side) boxplot
2 categorical variables
Contingency table; (side-by-side) bar chart
2 quantitative variables
Correlation coefficient; scatterplot

6. Descriptive Statistics for Three Variables
1 categorical + 2 quantitative variables
Regression; scatterplot
2 categorical + 1 quantitative variables
Summary table; bar chart

7. Observed Data: Example 1
Gender
Height (inches)
Weight (pounds)
College M
68.5
155
Sci F
61.2 99
Bsns
63.0
115
70.0
205
68.6
170
Arts
65.1
125
72.4
220
69.5
188

8. SAS Data Input
SAS: One variable per column
Example: HTWT.sas