1. Enzymes

2. What is an Enzyme?
An enzyme is a substance that helps a chemical reaction happen without actually being part of the reaction.

3. Synthesis Reaction
See the enzyme in red?
It remains the same.

4. Breakdown Reaction
See the enzyme in gray?
It remains the same.

5. Where do Enzymes come from?
Living organisms make enzymes.
They are a special kind of protein.
When are enzymes used?
One example is during human digestion.

6. How do Enzymes work? Enzymes lower activation energy.
This is the energy needed for chemical reactions to begin.
Why is this helpful?
It lets reactions needed to keep organisms alive happen more quickly!

7. Substrate-chemical(s) involved in the reaction
Active Site-area on the enzyme where the chemical(s) attach
Enzyme-Substrate Complex-when the enzyme is temporarily holding the chemicals involved in the reaction
Note the shape of the active site-
It determine which substrates can attach.

8. Explains how the shape of the enzyme and substrate fits together.
Lock and Key Hypothesis
One key for one lock.

9. Each enzyme can only catalyze one type of reaction.
Only certain substrates can fit certain active sites.
Look at the shape of the active sites and substrates.
How can you tell which work together?

10. Once an enzyme has catalyzed a reaction it is ready to get to work again.
Which color is the enzyme?
Is the enzyme “used up” during the reaction?

11. Enzyme Shapes
The examples you have just seem are much simpler than the shapes of actual enzymes.
The proteins that make up enzymes are very long molecules that are “folded up” in a special way after they are made-kind of like origami!

12. Enzyme Shapes

13. What happens to enzymes if the body cannot maintain homeostasis?
The enzymes start to unwind and change their shape. The scientific word for this process is “denature”. Result? Enzymes can’t do their job because the shape of the active site is changed.

14. If the Temperature Rises too High...

15. Sites to Visit for Enzymes
hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/c hapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html
animation of enzyme action es
another animation