1. Aim: Analyze the U.S.-Soviet Postwar Split

2. Allies Become Enemies
Before WWII ended, the U.S. alliance with the Soviet Union had unraveled
US upset that Joseph Stalin signed a nonaggression pact with Germany in 1939
Stalin blamed the Allies for not invading German occupied Europe earlier than 1944
Yalta Conference: Postwar Plan
Feb 1945: Leaders of the US, Britain, & Soviet Union met at the Soviet Black Sea resort (Yalta)
Agreed to divide Germany into zones of occupations controlled by the Allied
Germany would pay the Soviet Union to compensate for its loss of life & property
Stalin agreed to join war against Japan 2

3. Creation of the United Nations
June 1945: US & Soviet Union temporarily set aside their differences
Joined 48 other countries in forming the United Nations (UN)
International organization was intended to protect the members against aggression
Based in New York
Charter for the new peacekeeping organization established large body called the General Assembly
Each UN member nation could cast its vote on a range of issues
11-member body called Security Council had the real power to investigate & settle disputes
5 permanent members were Britain, China, France, US, & Soviet Union 3

4. Differing U.S. & Soviet Goals
Despite Yalta, the US & Soviet Union split sharply after the war
War affected them very differently
US suffered 400,000 deaths & all cities remained intact
Soviet Union had 50(x) fatalities & many cities were demolished 4