Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

3 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life.

Published byAustin Watkins Modified over 6 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "3 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life."— Presentation transcript:

1 3 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

2 Which type of bond is associated with molecules that are soluble in water?
ionic bond polar covalent bond nonpolar covalent bond hydrophobic interaction double bonds Answer: B. Polar covalent bonds provide strong organic molecules, which can still interact with the water that composes the bulk of living things—please see Concept 3.1. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

3 Which type of bond is associated with molecules that are soluble in water?
ionic bond polar covalent bond nonpolar covalent bond hydrophobic interaction double bonds © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 3

4 All lipids are made from glycerol and fatty acids. contain nitrogen.
have low energy content. are acidic when mixed with water. are not very water soluble. Answer: E. Lipids include both those with glycerol in their structure and other hydrophobic molecules such as cholesterol. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 4

5 All lipids are made from glycerol and fatty acids. contain nitrogen.
have low energy content. are acidic when mixed with water. are not very water soluble. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 5

6 Which is not a function of proteins?
help make up membranes carry the code for translation from the nucleus to the ribosome bind to hormones (hormone receptor) can be hormones speed chemical reactions Answer: B. Proteins, though once though to be the genetic molecule, are now known to be a product of gene sequences. Please see Concept 3.5. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 6

7 Which is not a function of proteins?
help make up membranes carry the code for translation from the nucleus to the ribosome bind to hormones (hormone receptor) can be hormones speed chemical reactions © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 7

8 How does RNA differ from DNA?
DNA encodes hereditary information; RNA does not. DNA forms duplexes; RNA does not. DNA contains thymine; RNA contains uracil. DNA contains five bases; RNA contains four. all of the above Answer: C. DNA contains the letters AGCT while RNA contains AGCU. Discuss how U and T are very similar structurally and make the same hydrogen bonds with A. Please see Concept 3.6. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 8

9 How does RNA differ from DNA?
DNA encodes hereditary information; RNA does not. DNA forms duplexes; RNA does not. DNA contains thymine; RNA contains uracil. DNA contains five bases; RNA contains four. all of the above © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 9

10 What is incorrect about the following statement
What is incorrect about the following statement? “The tRNA sequence reads ATGCCATGG….” tRNA is made of amino acids. tRNA has U in place of T. tRNA is not linear. A and C None of the choices is correct. Answer: B. All kinds of RNA use U in place of T. Please see Concept 3.6. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

11 What is incorrect about the following statement
What is incorrect about the following statement? “The tRNA sequence reads ATGCCATGG….” tRNA is made of amino acids. tRNA has U in place of T. tRNA is not linear. A and C None of the choices is correct. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

12 If you located a single-stranded piece of nucleic acid in a cell, what would it be made of?
nucleotides amino acids fatty acids sugars glycerol Answer: A. Both RNA and DNA are made of nucleotides strung together in a chain. Discuss the basic form of a nucleotide from Concept 3.6. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

13 If you located a single-stranded piece of nucleic acid in a cell, what would it be made of?
nucleotides amino acids fatty acids sugars glycerol © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

14 Which sugar is most important for making RNA?
glucose ribose frostose glyceraldehyde sucrose Answer: B. Ribose is part of the immediate structure of DNA, though other sugars might be broken down to power the process of RNA synthesis. Please see Concepts 3.3 and 3.6. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

15 Which sugar is most important for making RNA?
glucose ribose frostose glyceraldehyde sucrose © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

16 Which is not a lipid? estrogen cholesterol glucose triacylglyceride
trans fat Answer: C. Glucose is a monosaccharide. Even the unnatural trans fat is a lipid. Please see Concept 3.4. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

17 Which is not a lipid? estrogen cholesterol glucose triacylglyceride
trans fat © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

18 If you were designing a molecule to be highly acidic, which functional group would you be sure to include in its sequence? hydroxyl amino carboxyl carbonyl none of the above Answer: C. As discussed in Concept 3.1, the carboxyl group is an acid. Discuss where it is found in macromolecules. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

19 If you were designing a molecule to be highly acidic, which functional group would you be sure to include in its sequence? hydroxyl amino carboxyl carbonyl none of the above © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

20 If you were going to be shown the structure of glycine, what functional group(s) would you expect to see? hydroxyl and amino amino and carbonyl carboxyl and amino carbonyl and hydroxyl carbonyl and sulfhydryl Answer: C. As discussed in Concept 3.1, amino acids are called that because they contain both amino groups and carboxylic acid groups. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

21 If you were going to be shown the structure of glycine, what functional group(s) would you expect to see? hydroxyl and amino amino and carbonyl carboxyl and amino carbonyl and hydroxyl carbonyl and sulfhydryl © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

22 What functional group is most critical to energy metabolism in the cell?
hydroxyl amino carboxyl phosphate carbonyl Answer: D. As discussed in Concept 3.1, phosphate groups make up the part of the main energy currency of the cell, ATP, where energy is stored. Discuss uses of ATP in cells. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

23 What functional group is most critical to energy metabolism in the cell?
hydroxyl amino carboxyl phosphate carbonyl © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

24 For what is water most needed when digesting food?
dehydration reactions temperature reduction solubility hydrolysis reactions none of the above Answer: D. As discussed in Concept 3.2, breakdown of macromolecules occurs by the addition of water to bonds, releasing subunit molecules. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

25 For what is water most needed when digesting food?
dehydration reactions temperature reduction solubility hydrolysis reactions none of the above © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

26 Which is not a general kind of macromolecule?
protein cholesterol nucleic acid lipid carbohydrate Answer: B. As discussed in Concept 3.2, there are four major macromolecules in living things. Discuss which ones are found most in which foods. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

27 Which is not a general kind of macromolecule?
protein cholesterol nucleic acid lipid carbohydrate © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

28 If you were asked to chose a lipid subunit, which would it be?
fatty acid steroid cholesterol unsaturated side chain none of the above Answer: A. Please see Concept 3.4. A fatty acid is the most general choice on the list. While some lipid subunits are unsaturated, not all are. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

29 If you were asked to chose a lipid subunit, which would it be?
fatty acid steroid cholesterol unsaturated side chain none of the above © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

30 Which level of protein structure is most important when folding occurs?
primary secondary tertiary quaternary There is no difference between the four answers. Answer: A. Please see Concepts 3.5 and 3.6. Gene sequences contain three-letter codons, which tell which amino acids go into the primary structure of a protein. Discuss how changing the primary structure alters other levels of structure. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

31 Which level of protein structure is most important when folding occurs?
primary secondary tertiary quaternary There is no difference between the four answers. © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.

Download ppt "3 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life."

Similar presentations

KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.
The Four Major Groups of Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids; and Their Functions in Living Systems.

The Four Major Groups of Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids; and Their Functions in Living Systems.
Lesson Overview 2.3 Carbon Compounds.

Lesson Overview 2.3 Carbon Compounds.
Carbon Based Compounds

Carbon Based Compounds
Macromolecules of Life. Organic v. Inorganic Organic molecules are carbon based; they are the second most common molecules found in living things next.

Macromolecules of Life. Organic v. Inorganic Organic molecules are carbon based; they are the second most common molecules found in living things next.
Chapter 4 and 5: The Amazing Carbon Atom and Function of Macromolecules Estimated time: 5 days Learning Goals: 1. Understand why carbon is the basis of.

Chapter 4 and 5: The Amazing Carbon Atom and Function of Macromolecules Estimated time: 5 days Learning Goals: 1. Understand why carbon is the basis of.
Exploring Macromolecules

Exploring Macromolecules
The Molecules of Life Chapter 3.

The Molecules of Life Chapter 3.
What type of food? Carbohydrates, protein, lipids?

What type of food? Carbohydrates, protein, lipids?
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids
Biochemistry Notes. Carbon Organic molecules contain carbon. Carbon has 4 electrons available for bonding.

Biochemistry Notes. Carbon Organic molecules contain carbon. Carbon has 4 electrons available for bonding.
Carbon Based Molecules. KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

Carbon Based Molecules. KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.
Life and Chemistry: Large Molecules. Macromolecules monomers are linked together to form polymers monomers are linked together to form polymers dehydration.

Life and Chemistry: Large Molecules. Macromolecules monomers are linked together to form polymers monomers are linked together to form polymers dehydration.
Biomolecules Carbohydrates Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic acids.

Biomolecules Carbohydrates Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic acids.
Mader: Biology 8 th Ed. The Chemistry of Organic Molecules Chapter 3.

Mader: Biology 8 th Ed. The Chemistry of Organic Molecules Chapter 3.
MACROMOLECULES $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Amazing Molecules Carbs Lipids Nucleic Acids FINAL ROUND Proteins.

MACROMOLECULES $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Amazing Molecules Carbs Lipids Nucleic Acids FINAL ROUND Proteins.
Biological Molecules. Life is carbon-based chemistry Hydrolysis and Synthesis of Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids.

Biological Molecules. Life is carbon-based chemistry Hydrolysis and Synthesis of Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids.
Biochemistry Chapters 4 & 5. A. The Importance of Carbon 1. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds 2. Carbon atoms are the most versatile.

Biochemistry Chapters 4 & 5. A. The Importance of Carbon 1. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds 2. Carbon atoms are the most versatile.
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google