1. PALATINE- Dance Drama and Music DEVELOPING ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDENTS AND GRADUATES Lancaster November 16th Dr Marilyn Wedgwood Pro-Vice Chancellor

2. THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES - UK Dependency on Graduates
High proportion of graduates
- 43% compared with 16% work force as a whole
% depending on the sub -sector
Graduates from creative disciplines more likely to be self-employed –
42% become self employed from 9% of the total UK graduates p.a
37% of the self employed graduates, 6 months post-graduation
A need for graduate entrepreneurship is not being met

3. WHY?............. Creative freedom and ethical considerations
The creative process is compelling and has market value
Creative freedom and ethical considerations
Learning by Problem- solving makes independent thinkers
Self-employment often the only real option
Accidental entrepreneurship

4. Creative Industries - Classifications in the UK
Sector Skills Council
SSC ‘Footprint’
Related DCMS Sub-sector(1998)
Creative & Cultural Skills
Advertising
Crafts
Design
Music
Performing, Literary & Visual Arts
Performing Arts
Publishing?
Publishing
Cultural Heritage
----
Skillset
Animation
Film & Video
Commercials
Television & Radio
Corporate production
Facilities (which includes post production)
Film & Video/Television & Radio
Film
Interactive media
Interactive Leisure Software
Photo imaging
Radio
Television
e-skills
Information Technology, Telecommunications & Contact Centres
Software & Computer Services
Skillfast-UK
Apparel, footwear and textile industries
Designer Fashion
Construction Skills
Construction Industry (including Architecture)
Architecture
None?
---
Art & Antiques Market

5. Investing in culture for competitive advantage “The UN estimates that creative industries account for 7% global GDP and are growing at 10% per year. As people grow richer and become better educated, they spend more of their income on leisure” activities James Purnell 2005 Minister for Creative Industries

6. Culture and the Economy
“… Beijing, Shanghai and Gunagzhou are aiming to become Asia’s dominant cultural production centres – looking to export, and to make sure that economic value of cultural consumption in the huge domestic market is recouped by chinese companies…………its strategy is comprehensive, farsighted, ambitious, well resourced and intelligent – it builds partnerships with research centres in universities and larger companies as well as using all sorts of international expertise. It takes in the full range of leisure tourist, sporting, entertainment, high cultural and creative industry sectors……..”
(Justin OConnor –Creative Industries and Regeneration 2005 – in production. Manchester Centre for Popular Culture Manchester Metropolitan University)

7. THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES - UK Economic value
Worth 11.4 billion to balance of Trade (twice that of the pharmaceutical sector)
8% GDA, 7.9% GDP
Produce almost £1 in £12 of UK total GDP
Almost 2m people employed
7% of total employment 20% if tourism, hospitality and sport is included
Fastest Growing Sector of the Economy
Source DCMS, DTi

8. THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES - UK Characteristics
High proportion of self employment(42-80%)
Large proportion of small companies/ microbusinesses/ freelancers/ independents
Highly networked
Complex working portfolios - commonly organised around projects
Portfolios of employment
Little desire to grow
70% located in metropolitan areas
Particular IP issues
Dynamic, innovative sector, creativity dependent

9. ------------------------------------- Research & Knowledge Transfer
DEPARTMENT OF CULTURE MEDIA & SPORT HE/FE and the Creative Industries WORKING GROUPS
Entrepreneurship
& Skills
Exploring models of entrepreneurship/self employment
Linking with key organisations- NCGE, Sector Skills Councils, enterprise in regions, Cambridge –MIT Entrepreneurship ,NESTA, RDA
Research & Knowledge Transfer
Exploring Models of Knowledge transfer & intellectual Property and R&D
Linked with Arts and Humanities Research Council
Locked into the Science and Innovation ten year framework policy document JUST!!!!!!!

10. Graduate Entrepreneurship Capacity
36.8% of the 2.3% of graduates self- employed ( 6 months post graduation) were from the creative disciplines
Least likely to have a placement opportunity
Surveys show they don’t feel prepared
50% of Flying Start (NCGE) applicants and participants - but they make up only 9% of the graduates in the UK (24,000)
Don’t respond well to traditional business models
Significant potential - unrealised

11. (Leadbeater and Oakley, 1999)
“Cultural entrepreneurs need to develop a mix of creative and business skills often at different stages of their careers. Education institutions are often too inflexible to deliver these skills as and when the entrepreneurs need them”
(Leadbeater and Oakley, 1999)

12. EMERGENT APPROACHES FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL LEARNING IN H.E.
Extra-curricular
Enterprise Centres
Business start-up workshops
Summer schools
Incubation
Curriculum embedded
Assimilated/tacit learning within programmes;
Bolt-on enterprise modules
Postgraduate Programmes
MA/MBA creative programmes
Master of Enterprise
Continuing Professional Development (Lifelong Learning)
Short skills development courses
Knowledge Transfer Partners
External agency programmes
NESTA Creative Pioneers, Crafts Council, Design Council, Young Enterprise, National Council for Graduate Entreprise – Flying Start etc

13. Some great Provision but…
Not
Enough
Not the right kind
Not available at the right time
Too piecemeal -Not coherent
Enough
Too Little understanding of current provision to make a difference

14. Create a culture in HE that links creativity with commercial value
THE CHALLENGES
The lack of informed appropriate learning provision
No coherent co-ordinated framework to inspire and inform curriculum innovation
Don’t know what works, where and when
The cultural tensions & oppositions
Lack of Incentives for curriculum innovation
No focused policy framework to drive change
Create a culture in HE that links creativity with commercial value .

15. SO……..
What should be done????
Some Ideas ..
Let us have your views

16. TARGETED INVESTMENTS Strategic Curriculum Innovation
Targeted Pilot Initiatives around the ‘models’ of success - to work out what works for different sub-sectors and subject disciplines
Entrepreneurship Leadership Programme
National Creative Industries Enterprise Scheme – coherent national development of what we have got and know
Generate strategic focus -the framework- that helps prepare graduates for their portfolio careers .

17. Funding for entrepreneurship provision in HE
TARGETED INCENTIVES
Funding for entrepreneurship provision in HE
Capital Investment in Facilities and Equipment
Enable the graduates - Create the entrepreneurial support for their creativity .

18. Be both strategic and operational to support the growth of the sector
INCORPORATE IN POLICY
Create a national policy framework for graduate entrepreneurship in the creative industries
Ensure the Creative industries are incorporated into existing policy frameworks – OST, DfES, DTi,RDA
Be both strategic and operational to support the growth of the sector .

19. EMERGING ARGUMENTS
The Creative Industries are the fastest growing sector of the economy in the UK
It attracts an unusually high proportion of graduates, - a significant proportion self-employed
But the opportunities for entreprenuerial learning are limited by culture and operational factors in HE
The potential is not realised- there is a gap in provision and policy to unlock the potential in HE.

20. EMERGING SOLUTIONS
But the DCMS Task Group has identified good practice
It could be made more widespread.
A policy framework is required that creates a vision for the development of the creative and commercial talent potential
There is much to build on from the government policy and investment in scientific entrepreneurship
Invest in Curriculum Innovation and CI start-up support that is well informed by current success
Enlightened focused national policy can unlock the potential

21. “An enterprising economy must be a skilled economy
“An enterprising economy must be a skilled economy. So we must avoid the mistakes of the past when we failed to invest long term in education “ James Purnell CI Minister

22. “An enterprising economy must be a skilled economy
“An enterprising economy must be a skilled economy. So we must avoid the mistakes of the past when we failed to invest long term in education “ James Purnell CI Minister
Given the characteristics of the creative industries, shouldn’t we be investing in entrepreneurial learning to gain UK economic advantage from this fastest growing sector?

23. Contact Gaynor Richards Manchester Metropolitan University
Higher and Further Education Development Manager
Department for Culture, Media and Sport
Based at:
Manchester Metropolitan University
Regional Office, Ormond Building
All Saints, Oxford Road
Manchester, M15 6BX
Tel:
Fax: