1. Geosurveys’ datasets available for EPOS
Luca Guerrieri

2. Background
Large amounts of geological data reside at the National Geological Survey organisations in EU;
In 2013, a previous surveys was conducted within EGDI Scope with aim to build the EGDI infrastructure:
276 datasets in different geological topic;
only 17 countries answered to the questionnaire
Large amounts of geological data reside at the National Geological Survey organisations in Europe. These data are essential for the assessment of mineral and energy resources as well as for the identification and characterization of geohazard associated with natural phenomena (e.g. landslides, earthquakes, floods, etc.). The data are also an important baseline for research.
The primary objective of T15.5 “Geosurveys’ data” is to provide information about the datasets owned by National Geological Surveys in Europe within EuroGeoSurveys that are potentially available for the TCS “Geological information and modelling”.
It is important to know that the Geological Surveys are currently working on building a common data infrastructure called EGDI (European Geological Data Infrastructure). Through several data harmonisation projects most of these data have been brought to a common form.
The task 15.5 has been designed to explore the data and make available pre-elaborated layers in order to select those that are relevant for EPOS. These data include Pan-European datasets as well as data coming from individual national databases. Some of those are already in a harmonised form and a few will provide content that is similar to the data handled by tasks 15.6 and 15.7.
Then, the thematic web services and interfaces developed in task 15.4 will define a thematic approach to serve these data to the EPOS ICS.
Services will be implemented for accessing to the following geological domains: (i) geological maps at different scales and detail; (ii) stratigraphic borehole data (including samples and cores, analyses, hydrogeological information); (iii) geohazard databases and inventories (e.g. landslides, surface faulting, etc.); (iv) catalogue of geological models (3D and 4D).
In order to explore their availability for the EPOS TCS “Geological information and modelling” , it is essential to collect information about these datasets in the frame of the following geological domains:
geological maps;
stratigraphic boreholes;
geohazard databases and inventories;
catalogue of geological models (3D and 4D).

3. A new EGS questionnaire (February 2016)
A new questionnaire was sent in February 2016 to 36 NGSs, aiming at preliminary exploring the availability to potentially share national datasets owned by your Survey with the EPOS “Geological information and modeling” TCS.
Questionnaires have been customized for each Geological Survey and pre-filled with potentially EGDI datasets as declared in the 2013 EGDI-Scope survey.
Four categories of data are interesting for EPOS
i) boreholes;
ii) multiscale geological maps;
iii) 3D/4D geological models;
iv) geohazard databases and inventories.

4. Questions Compilers have been required to provide for each dataset:
Compilers have been required to provide for each dataset:
Detailed information concerning content, geographic coverage, scale, format, metadata standards, data policy, etc.;
Data and metadata availability for EPOS

5. Answers 23 filled questionnaires
191 datasets owned by NGSs in the four topics is provided. 

6. Answers Country NGS Boreholes Geological maps 3D models Geohazard
Country
NGS
Boreholes
Geological maps
3D models
Geohazard
TOTAL
Austria
GBA 2 1 7 10
Bosnia and Herz.
FBH-GSRS
Croatia
HGI-CGS 6
Cyprus
GSD 4
Denmark
GEUS 3 9
Estonia
EGK
France
BRGM 5 11
Germany
BGR 8
Greece
IGME-G
Ireland
GSI 13
Italy
ISPRA 20
Lithuania
LGT
Luxembourg
SGL
Macedonia
FYROM
Malta
MTI 17 21
Norway
NGU
Portugal
LNEG
Romania
GIR
Slovenia
GeoZS
Spain
IGME-S
Sweden
SGU
Switzerland
SWISSTOPO
Ukraine
SGSSU
United Kingdom
BGS

7. Metadata available for EPOS Data available for EPOS
Summary of available datasets and metadata for EPOS
Number of datasets
Metadata available for EPOS
Data available for EPOS
BOREHOLES 35 34 31
GEOLOGICAL MAPS 99 92 81
3D MODELS 20 19 18
GEOHAZARD 37 27
TOTAL
191
176
157

8. Adopted standards for metadata
ISO 19115/139
INSPIRE
National Core
Other
BOREHOLES 11 10 9 4
GEOLOGICAL MAPS 31 28 26 6
3D MODELS 1 7
GEOHAZARD 8 3
TOTAL 53 50 43 20

9. INSPIRE Natural Risk Zone
Adopted standards for data content
INSPIRE Geology
OGC GeoSciML V4
GeoSciML V3.x
INSPIRE Natural Risk Zone
EarthML
Other
BOREHOLES 4 1 25
GEOLOGICAL MAPS 15 3 6 54
3D MODELS 13
GEOHAZARD 2
TOTAL 20 5 7
107

10. Adopted standards for data policies
Open data
CC-BY
CC-BY-SA
CC-BY-NC
IPR restricted
other
BOREHOLES 12 3 2 1 4
GEOLOGICAL MAPS 20 8 15 18 35
3D MODELS 9
GEOHAZARD 5 7
TOTAL 50 16 6 23 31 54

11. Details on country availability and specific information
BOREHOLES
Details on country availability and specific information

12. Details on country availability and specific information
GEOLOGICAL MAPS
Details on country availability and specific information

13. Details on country availability and specific information
3D MODELS
Details on country availability and specific information

14. Details on country availability and specific information
GEOHAZARD
Details on country availability and specific information

15. Final remarks (1)
The scenario of available datasets from National Geological Surveys as delineated by the 23 questionnaires is the following:
191 datasets are owned by 23 NGSs in the four geological topics of interest for EPOS (35 boreholes databases, 99 geological maps, 20 3Dmodels and 37 geohazard databases and inventories); most of these datasets have been declared available for sharing in EGDI;
among them 167 datasets and 175 metadata have been declared available for sharing even in EPOS;
62% of metadata adopt international standards (INSPIRE or ISP1O115/139);
16% of datasets adopts INSPIRE standards and only 5% uses GeoSciML;
in terms of data policy, 29% are open access to data;
the most common OGC service is WMS followed by WFS.

16. Final remarks (2) The analysis by topics has also shown that:
geological maps are mostly at scale between 100k and 500 k (37%) and between 10k and 100k (32%) and in general cover the entire territory, or a large part;
3D models are mainly dealing with the geological and structural framework of bedrock, depths between 5,000 and 15,000 m and not frequently (20%) cover the entire national territory;
the most common type of geohazards are landslides and ground deformation. In most of the cases (68%), these databases have a national coverage;
shallow as well deep boreholes databases are available, mostly at a national coverage. Preferred format of these database is tabular.
As final remarks, it has to be noted that:
this is a partial scenario, since it is based only on 23 filled questionnaires while the information from 13 NGSs is still missing;
obviously, the declared availability of data and metadata in EPOS is only an expression of interest; if this interest is confirmed, individual NGSs are welcome to define terms of cooperation with EPOS in the frame of WP15 Consortium Agreement, possibly through the EGS-EPOS MoU.