1. Ions and Ionic Bonds

2. Ion = Atom that has lost or gained electrons; has a charge (+ or -)
Review:
Ion = Atom that has lost or gained electrons; has a charge (+ or -)
Atoms that Lose electrons
Have a positive charge
= +, 2+, 3+, etc.
Called cations (“Cat Pos”)
Atoms that Gain electrons
Have a negative charge
= -, 2-, 3-, etc.
Called anions

3. Electrons are transferred
Chemical bonds
Attractive force that holds atoms or ions together
Ionic Bond
bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions
There is an electrostatic attraction between the ions
Electrons are transferred
Example: Na and Cl
Cl takes an electron from Na
Cl becomes Cl-
Na becomes Na+
Na+ is attracted to Cl-
Form ionic compound NaCl

4. Ionic bonds occur between a metal and a nonmetal
Metals on left side of Periodic Table
Nonmetals on right side of Periodic Table
Most ionic compounds are called salts
Example: Lithium combines with Chlorine to become LiCl
Li has 1 valence electron (has 1 extra)
Cl has 7 valence electrons (needs 1)
Cl takes Li extra valence electron
Cl becomes Cl-
Li becomes Li+
Li+ is attracted to Cl- and form an ionic bond
LiCl is the ionic compound that is formed

5. Li Cl Li Cl Li O Li O Li Li - Li+ + Cl- = LiCl 2 Li+ + O2- = Li2O
Lithium + Chlorine - + Li Cl Li Cl
Li+ + Cl- = LiCl
Lithium + Oxygen + 2- Li O Li O +
2 Li+ + O2- = Li2O Li Li