1. You need a purple, blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink highlighter
AUGUST 29, 2016
You need a purple, blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink highlighter
Greece GSPRITE notes
HW: Greece & Rome Vocab
due 9/14

2. Greek geography
Greece is a mountainous peninsula with hundreds of islands in the Mediterranean Sea
Communities were isolated
Developed differently
Fought frequently
No community is farther than 85 miles from coast = ?
Emphasis on navy and coastal trade

4. Geography and Economics
Advanced navy and ships (Greeks skilled sailors)
Trade around Mediterranean

5. Geography and Technology Terraced farming

6. Geography and Politics
Small, isolated communities  Polis (city- states)
Acropolis was seat of religious temples and government
Rest of city was built in the valley
Landowning men held all the political power

7. Social Structure Patrilineal Elite, landowning males were citizens
Slaves made up ¾ of society

8. Unifying Force = Greek Culture
The Greeks were the original Olympiads.

9. Greek Religion Polytheistic Based off a family of gods
Each god represented a different aspect of life or nature

10. Intellectual Accomplishments
Adopted and adapted Phoenician alphabet
Word alphabet comes from the Greek letters alpha and beta
Common language united the often divided Greeks

11. Greek Technology and Architecture
Greeks invented arches and columns.

12. Greek Architecture

13. Greek Technology
The Greeks invented the crane

14. Greek Military Invented the catapult
It could throw 300 pound stones at walls and buildings

15. Greek Military Hoplite: a Greek infantry soldier
Lessened class divides because the everyday man could protect their city-state

16. Greek Art Video

17. Geography
Social (underlined)
Political
Religion
Intellectual
Technology
Economics

18. Athens vs. Sparta

19. Sparta Spartan society valued bravery, strength, and soldiers
Boys were sent to military school at a young age.
Boys who are born deformed are left to die on mountainsides

20. Sparta Rejected trade and other outside influence
No emphasis on the arts or philosophy

21. Spartan Women Spartan women expected to be healthy and strong
Women were valued because they gave birth to soldiers
When men were at war, women took over control
More rights than many other Greek city-states

22. Spartan Govt. Ruled by an oligarchy
A govt. ruled by a few elite
Had 2 kings and a council of elders
Citizens were male, native-born Spartans over the age of 30

23. Spartan Military
Phalanx: military formation. Soldiers stood close together and created a pod with their shields, then attacked with 10 ft. long spears. Hard for opposition to infiltrate

24.
Phalanx in movie Troy

25. Athens
Trade center that focused on individual thought, the arts, philosophy, and education

26. Political Structure Democracy: Demos = people Kratos = power
Athens was a direct democracy where the citizens vote on everything. (citizens were male land-owners)
The U.S. today is a representative democracy, where we vote for representative who vote and make decisions for us.

27. Political Structure Basic principles of democracy founded in Athens:
Majority Rule
Civic Debate
Impartial Juries
Rule of Law
Legislature (Council of 500)

28. Society Values
Well rounded education: reading, writing, poetry, music, public speaking
Importance on arts and architecture
Athens becomes cultural center of Greece
Encouraged trade with other countries
Welcomed new ideas

29. Women in Athens No share in political life Essential to religious life
Women managed the household
Received no formal education
Aristotle said “ the man is by nature fitter for command than the female, just as an older person is superior to a younger, immature person”