1. Prof. Dr. Christian Agyare Pharm 262 c103
Fermentation
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Prof. Dr. Christian Agyare
Pharm 262
c103

2. Fermentation
Fermentation is the process of converting carbohydrate to alcohol and acids under anaerobic conditions
Carried out by bacteria and yeast
An ATP regenerating metabolic process
Begin the same way, with glycolysis just like cellular respiration
Pyruvate made in glycolysis does not continue through the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain.
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5. Range of fermentation
Those that produce microbial cells or biomass as end-product
Those that produce microbial enzymes
Those that produce microbial metabolites
Those that produce recombinant products
Those that modify a compound for further fermentation transformation process
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7. Substrate level phosphorylation
Direct ATP formation through phosphate transfer from substrate to ATP
Occurs in glycolysis and Krebs cycle
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9. Oxidative phosphorylation
Indirect ATP formation through redox reaction involving oxygen as final electron carrier
Driven by the electron carrier system
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10. Electron carrier
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12. GLYCOLYSIS
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14. Alcohol dehydrogenase
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dehydrogenase
Lactate
decarboxylase
Pyruvate
Alcohol dehydrogenase

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17. Mixed acid fermentation
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18. Production of some organic solvents
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19. Other alternative pathways to pyruvate production
Entner-Doudoroff (ketogluconate) pathway
Phosphoketolase (Hexose mono P) pathway
Oxidative Pentose-P pathway
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20. Non glucose fermentation process
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21. Gibbs free energy
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