1. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Review

2. Photosynthesis equation
What is it?
CO2 + H2O + light energy > C6H12O6 + O2
What is C6H12O6?
Sugar
What do plants need it for?
energy
Plants turn light energy into
Chemical energy

3. Chloroplast Site of? photosynthesis Parts? Thylakoids Contain?
Chlorophyll
Stroma
Thick liquid
What is made here?
glucose

4. Chlorophyll What is it? Light energy absorbing molecule
Why are plants green?
Chlorophyll reflects green light

5. Organisms What organisms make their own food? Autotrophs Also known as
producers
What organisms must consume their food?
heterotrophs

6. 2 stages of photosynthesis
First stage
Light dependent stage
Occurs where?
Thylakoid
What is used?
Light energy and water
What is made?
ATP, NADPH
What is released into the atmosphere?
Oxygen

7. 2 stages of photosynthesis
First stage
Light dependent stage
Photosystem II
Sun charges electrons from water
Those electrons do what?
Travel down ETC, pull hydrogens into the thylakoid, losing energy
Photosystem I
Electrons get recharged, attach to NADP, make NADPH, go to stroma
What does the concentration of hydrogen allow to happen?
H+ to move through membrane and ATP synthase makes ATP
Where does that ATP go?
To the stroma, to light dependent rxn

8. 2 stages of photosynthesis
Second stage
Light independent stage
Occurs where?
Stroma
Also known as
Calvin Cycle, Dark Reaction
What is used?
CO2
The energy from the ATP and NADPH
What is recycled back to the thylakoids?
ADP, NADP
What is made?
Glucose

9. ATP Stands for? Adenosine triphosphate What kind of energy is it?
Chemical
Where is the energy stored?
In the phosphate bond
How are ATP and ADP different?
Number of phosphate bonds
ATP has stored energy, like a charged battery, and ADP is like a battery that needs to be charged

10. Cellular Respiration What is the equation?
C6H12O6 + O2 > H2O + CO2 + ATP
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related?
The products of one are the reactants for the other

11. Glycolysis Aerobic or anaerobic? Starting material?
Glucose
That is broken down into
2 pyruvates
Net # of ATP made? 2
Electron carrier filled?
NAD+ > NADH
Location?
Cytoplasm

12. If Oxygen is present, we proceed to
Krebs Cycle
Also known as
TCA Cycle, Citric Acid Cycle
Pyruvates are converted into what compound before entering Krebs?
Acetyl CoA
What is the first compound made?
Citric acid
Net # of ATP?
2, one per turn of the cycle, one turn for each pyruvate
Electron carriers filled?
NADH and FADH2
What is released?
CO2
Location?
Mitochondrial Matrix

13. If Oxygen is present, we proceed to
Next is the
Electron Transport Chain
Also known as
ETC
Net # of ATP? 32
Hydrogens dropped off by electron carriers create a
Concentration gradient
Electron move down the chain, to their final electron acceptor, which is?
Oxygen
This energy allows for
ADP to be made into ATP
What is released?
Water
Location?
Mitochondria, inner membrane

14. If Oxygen is not present, we proceed to
Fermentation
Glucose is broken down in the
Absence of oxygen
Anaerobic
Two types
Lactic acid fermentation
Produces
Lactic acid
Recycles NADH back to NAD+
Alcohol fermentation
ethanol

15. Which gives more energy, aerobic or anaerobic respiration?
Think back to the GIZMO
What affects the rate of photosynthesis?
Light color, light intensity, temperature, amount of CO2

16. Questions

17. How many ATP does ETC make?36 2 32 4

18. How are the electrons carried to the ETC in cellular respiration?
NADPH
NADH
FADH2
b and c

19. Why does lactic acid fermentation occur?
Because of strenuous exercise
Muscle cells do not have enough oxygen
You are born with it
a and b

20. Where does alcohol fermentation occur?
Fruit
Sugar
Vegetables
Yeast

21. What is the equation for photosynthesis?
CO2 + O2 > C6H12O6 + ATP
CO2 + H2O + Light energy > C6H12O6 + O2
C6H12O6 + light energy + O2 > CO2 + H2O
CO2 + H2O > C6H12O6 + O2

22. Where does the light dependent reaction happen?
stem
thylakoid
Xylem tissue
stroma

23. What is the function of the spongy mesophyll?
Gases can pass through easily
Has many chloroplasts
Moves water
Moves glucose

24. What does ATP stand for? Adenosine diphosphate Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine phosphate
Adenosine biphosphate

25. How much ATP does Glycolysis make (the net amount)?2 4 32 36

26. Where is the Kreb Cycle carried out?
nucleus
cytoplasm
Mitochondrial matrix
Mitochondrial membrane space

27. Where does glycolysis occur?
ribosome
nucleus
Mitochondria
cytoplasm