1. November 20, 2017
Journal #2 for Q2: Name three of the muscles involved in doing squats.
Hand in one project rubric with all of your group members names on it.

2. Structure of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory System

3. Structure of the Cardiovascular System

4. Major Components Heart: pumps blood throughout the system
Blood: connective tissue made of plasma, cells, and other substances
Blood Vessels: vessels that carry blood around the body

5. Heart Structure
Base
Top of the heart
Apex
Bottom of the heart

6. Heart Protective Layers = Pericardium
Fibrous Pericardium –outer layer
Parietal Pericardium – middle layer
Visceral Pericardium – inner protective layer that attaches directly to the heart surface

7. Three Layers of the Heart Wall:
Epicardium – outer layer of the heart wall
Made up of visceral pericardium
Myocardium – middle layer of the heart wall
Made up of cardiac muscle
Endocardium – inner layer of the heart wall
Epithelium lining of the heart

8. Chambers of the Heart
Right and Left Atrium: Collects blood returning to the heart
Right and Left Ventricle: Pumps blood to the body
*Remember the locations of the chambers are based on the patients perspective

9. Valves Keeps blood flowing in one direction Tricuspid
Pulmonary Semilunar
Bicuspid
Aortic Semilunar

10. Separation of the Chambers
Septum: walls of the heart that separate the chambers
Interatrial Septum: separates the two atria
Interventricular Septum: separates the two ventricles

11. Structure of the Respiratory System

12. Nose and Nasal Cavity Two nasal cavities separated by septal cartilage
Vestibular Region – Inside the nostrils
Contains hairs called vibrissae for protection
Respiratory Region – Majority of nasal cavity
Uses turbinates to warm up air
Olfactory Region – Top of the nasal cavity
Aids in smell
Lined with simple columnar tissue

14. Pharynx Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx
Has connection to ears through Eustachian tubes
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Glottis – opening to the larynx
Epiglottis - blocks the food from going into the larynx
Larynx – voice box

15. November 22, 2017
Journal #3: What is the difference between the atria and the ventricles?

16. Trachea
Tube made of cartilage used to hold it open
Air passes through

17. Bronchi Where the trachea breaks into two branches
Sites of branching are called carina
Branches into smaller and smaller branches to reach each section of the lungs
>1mm – Bronchioles

18. Respiratory Bronchiole
Connect to alveolar ducts that end in alveoli clustered together to form alveolar sacs

19. Alveolar Capillary Membrane
Terminal air sacs made of simple squamous tissue that are surrounded by capillaries
Where gas exchange occurs

20. Lungs Organs that contain the alveoli
Right lung has three lobes, while the left lung only has two lobes
Divided by fissures across each

21. Protective Coverings Around the Lungs
Layers the surround the lungs to help reduce friction
Parietal Pleura
Pleural Fluid
Visceral Pleura