1. A dysexecutive syndrome of the medial thalamus
Daniela Liebermann, Christoph J. Ploner, Antje Kraft, Ute A. Kopp, Florian Ostendorf 
Cortex 
Volume 49, Issue 1, Pages (January 2013)
DOI: /j.cortex
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2. Fig. 1
Affected thalamic nuclei. Relative lesion extent for a given nucleus is displayed in three increments: White, not affected, light grey, less than 1/3 of total volume affected, dark grey, between 1/3 and 2/3 affected, black, more than 2/3 affected. For each thalamic nucleus, lesion extent in both hemispheres is shown (with right and left compartments referring to right and left thalamus, respectively). Patients are labelled by ascending numbers and sorted by lesion side (right hemisphere, red, left hemisphere, green, bilateral, black). Abbreviations: AV, anteroventral nucleus; VA, ventral anterior nucleus; Mtt, mamillothalamic tract; MD, mediodorsal nucleus; CeM, central medial nucleus; CL, central lateral nucleus; CM, centromedian nucleus; Pf, parafascicular nucleus; VL, ventral lateral nucleus; VM, ventral medial nucleus; VP, ventral posterior nucleus; LD, lateral dorsal nucleus; LP, lateral posterior nucleus; Pul, pulvinar; Ret, reticular nucleus.
Cortex  , 40-49DOI: ( /j.cortex )
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Patients’ performance in the neuropsychological testing. Upper panel, patients’ mean (bars) and individual (circles) z-scores in different tests. Positive values indicate worse performance than controls’ mean, negative values indicate better performance. The area within 2 SDs of controls’ mean (i.e., zero) is displayed in light grey. Patients scoring outside this range are indicated by corresponding subject number (see Table 1). Lower panel, number of patients with abnormal performance (>2 SDs beyond controls’ mean). Abbreviations: Bl. Span, Block span, Str., Stroop, Forw, forward, Backw, backward, Imm rec, immediate recall, Del rec, delayed recall, Letter fl, letter fluency, Cat sw, verbal fluency with category switch, Interfer, interference, Cat com, categories completed, Pers err, perseverative errors (% of total trials), Nonpers err, nonperseverative errors (% of total trials), Set loss, set loss errors, i.e., failure to maintain set.
Cortex  , 40-49DOI: ( /j.cortex )
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Overlay lesion plots of patients with normal and deficient performance in WCST. (A) Overlay lesion plots of WCST-normal patients (n = 11, patients 1–5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 16 and 18). Talairach’s y-coordinates are given for each coronal section and are identical for A and B. Different colours denote increasing numbers of overlapping lesions from 1 (blue) to 11 (green). (B) Overlay lesion plots of WCST-deficient patients (n = 8, patients 6, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17 and 19). Different colours denote increasing numbers of overlapping lesions from 1 (dark red/black) to 8 (yellow/white). (C) Overlay plot of the superimposed lesions of WCST-deficient minus WCST-normal group, shown in a sagittal (left), coronal (middle) and transversal section (right panel). Colours indicate the percentage of overlapping lesions between patients performing deficiently after subtraction of WCST-normal patients’ lesions. The centre of overlap is displayed in Talairach coordinates (x, y, z). The difference image is thresholded at 15%, i.e., only regions affected more frequently in at least 15% of WCST-deficient patients are shown, with colours coding increasing frequencies from dark red/black (difference 15%) to white/yellow (difference 100%).
Cortex  , 40-49DOI: ( /j.cortex )
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Overlay plot with superimposed thalamic atlas plates. Lesion overlap of WCST-deficient minus WCST-normal group is shown in a sagittal (left), coronal (middle) and transversal section (right panel). Plates of the Morel atlas are superimposed on lesion overlaps (Morel, 2007; 6 mm lateral to interhemispheric plane [sag, sagittal plate, left], 4 mm anterior to posterior commissure [cor, coronal plate, middle] and 2.7 mm dorsal to commissural level [trans, transversal plate, right], respectively). For anatomical abbreviations, the reader is referred to the Morel atlas (Morel, 2007). Lesion overlay represents left thalamus for all sections. For co-registration with atlas plates, lesion overlay images were linearly transformed with the anterior and posterior commissures, contours of thalamus, putamen and caudate nucleus serving as references, respectively. Colours indicate the percentage of overlapping lesions between patients performing deficiently after subtraction of WCST-normal patients’ lesions (thresholded at 15%, see figure legend to Fig. 3C for further explanation).
Cortex  , 40-49DOI: ( /j.cortex )
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions