1. Pre-Activity: 1. Recap? 2. Research Says?

2. Weaknesses and kinds of quantitative research CS_RS12-Ia-c-1
Learning Competencies
Code
describes
strengths,
Weaknesses and kinds of quantitative research
CS_RS12-Ia-c-1

3. Activity (15 mins)
Short video about Quantitative Research
Guide Questions:
1. What is the difference between Quanti and Quali research?
2. What are the factors to consider in doing Quantitative Research?

4. Factors to consider Field of study Nature of study
Purpose of the study
Population of the study
Tools readily available
Method and design
Instrument
Amount of human interaction or characteristics to be studied
Desired implications and results

5. Quantitative
Positivist thought – can be verified by observation and experimentation
Distribution of variables that can be generalized to entire population
Less interaction between researcher and subjects – more objectivity

6. Disadvantages
Individuals’ decisions not evaluated based on their culture or social interactions
Decisions made without regard to individual human thought or choice to predict behavior
All individuals are measured same way
Experiences
Backgrounds
Intelligence
Ability to change decisions at any given point in time
Independent though

7. Criticism
Inefficient for formulating higher education planning, policy and decision making
Unable to create procedures based on results
Groups individuals as unemotional subjects (Keller, 1998)
Social influences of individuals needed
Limitations on generalizability
Particular point in time; no account for change of mind

8. Disadvantages
Should only be used if data can be measured by numbers, results quantified
Instrument or method chosen is subjective and research is dependent upon tool chosen
Lack of independent thought by researcher when dependent on instrument or mathematics used to extract or evaluate data

9. Advantages
Observations are used throughout studies
Formulating hypotheses allows for speculation about outcomes; applicable instrument
Safeguards used to minimize or eliminate bias

10. Advantages Predicts correlation between objects
Systematic data collection and analysis
Generalizable to other institutions for further research
Recognized criteria for assessment and validity
More research conducted by this method

11. How do you measure what’s best?
Need a standard of measurement to determine quantitative analysis
Guidelines are needed to recognize validity of results
Barriers of many different approaches and types of quantittaive research methods
Two methods can provide complementary results
Lay groundwork for quantitative studies
Provides accurate data collection and analysis and utilization

12. TYPES OF RESEARCH
A. ACCORDING TO OBJECTIVES:
1. PURE VS. APPLIED RESEARCH
2. EXPLORATORY VS. EXPLANATORY
3. QUANTITATIVE VS. QUALITATIVE

13. ACCORDING TO METHODS:
1. HISTORICAL METHOD – investigation of the past.
2. DESCRIPTIVE METHOD - fact-finding research
3. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH - revealing occurrence under condition.

14. Major Types of Research
Pure or Theoretical
Applied or Practical
Action Research

15. Categories of Research based on Venue
Library/ICT research
Field research
Laboratory research

16. Approaches in Research
1. Qualitative Research investigator views the phenomena to be investigated as more personal. Qualitative research uses methods such as personal accounts, unstructured interviews and participant observation to gain an understanding of the underlying reasons and motivations for peoples’ attitudes preferences or behaviors. Generating hypotheses from the data collection rather than testing a hypothesis is the emphasis of qualitative research.
 2. Quantitative Research usually starts with a theory or a general statement proposing a general relationship between variables. This is typically concentrates on measuring or counting and involves collecting and analyzing numerical data and applying statistical tests.

17. Qualitative vs Quantitative

18. Assessment: Identify & Classify the following research studies based on : A. Objectives (PURE VS. APPLIED RESEARCH; EXPLORATORY VS. EXPLANATORY B. Methods: HISTORICAL; DESCRIPTIVE METHOD; EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH; C. Venue: Library; Field; and Laboratory D. Approach: Quantitative or Qualitative

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20. Assignment: Research on the type of Quantitative Research, its scope and meaning and give example each.