1. Hawthorne Report

2. Hawthorne Report 1959: (A Survey of the Contemporary Indians of Canada)
What is it:
Federally funded report that looked at how FNs are doing
What did it find:
FNs are suffering immensely
 economically and socially
 HUGE INEQUALITIES
-After the Hawthorne report a White Paper is issued to provide recommendations for the gov’t given what has been learned
White Paper: a gov’t report with recommendations to fix / address a problem

3. White Paper: Recommendations after Hawthorne Report
1 main recommendation was made:
1. REPEAL (get rid of) THE INDIAN ACT
Other Recommendations:
-FN controlled Reserves
-Destroy the Department of Indian Affairs
-Provincial Govts. to control all issues FN (not Fed gov)
-Eliminate TREATY RIGHTS

4. FN Response to the White Paper
How do you think FNs responded to this?
-Unanimously disagreed with the recommendations
-Not OK with eliminating TREATY RIGHTS
IF treaty rights eliminated:
 destroy “Aboriginal Title”
 non treaty nations are screwed (rights/compensation)
-No Indian Act = No Indian Identity
-FNs felt this was ASSimilation all over again