1. Welcome to this IRSC Adult Education Live Virtual Lesson
Diana Lenartiene, Ed. S. moderator/instructor

2. Introducing… your virtual classroom
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Let me give you a quick tour of our virtual classroom so you may know how to get simple interact with me! Pay attention, there will be a quiz at the end!
6/10/2008; updated: 10/3/11
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6/10/2008; updated: 10/3/11
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6/10/2008; updated: 8/4/2009
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6/10/2008; updated: 8/4/2009
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7. What parts make up a a story?
Literary Elements
What parts make up a a story?

8. Story Grammar Setting Characters Plot Climax Theme Resolution
Denouement

9. We will now view a video explaining the elements of literature and how they are used in stories
Use RAP video 3:42 min

10. Setting Time and place are where the action occurs
Details that describe:
Furniture
Scenery
Customs
Transportation
Clothing
Dialects
Weather
Time of day
Time of year

11. Elements of a Setting

12. The Functions of a Setting
We left the home place behind, mile by slow mile, heading for the mountains, across the prairie where the wind blew forever.
At first there were four of us with one horse wagon and its skimpy load. Pa and I walked, because I was a big boy of eleven. My two little sisters romped and trotted until they got tired and had to be boosted up to the wagon bed.
That was no covered Conestoga, like Pa’s folks came West in, but just an old farm wagon, drawn by one weary horse, creaking and rumbling westward to the mountains, toward the little woods town where Pa thought he had an old uncle who owned a little two-bit sawmill.
To create a mood or atmosphere
To show a reader a different way of life
To make action seem more real
To be the source of conflict or struggle
To symbolize an idea
Taken from “The Day the Sun Came Out” by D. Johnson

13. Types of Characters People or animals Major characters
Minor characters
Round characters
Flat characters

14. Characterization
A writer reveals what a character is like and how the character changes throughout the story.
Two primary methods of characterization:
Direct- writer tells what the character is like
Indirect- writer shows what a character is like by describing what the character looks like, by telling what the character says and does, and by what other characters say about and do in response to the character.

15. Direct Characterization
…And I don’t play the dozens or believe in standing around with somebody in my face doing a lot of talking. I much rather just knock you down and take my chances even if I’m a little girl with skinny arms and a squeaky voice, which is how I got the name Squeaky.
From “Raymond’s Run” by T. Bambara

16. Indirect Characterization
The old man bowed to all of us in the room. Then he removed his hat and gloves, slowly and carefully. Chaplin once did that in a picture, in a bank--he was the janitor.
From “Gentleman of Rio en Medio” by J. Sedillo

17. Elements of Character

18. Factors in Analyzing Characters
Physical appearance of character
Personality
Background/personal history
Motivation
Relationships
Conflict
Does character change?

19. Plot
Plot is what happens and how it happens in a narrative. A narrative is any work that tells a story, such as a short story, a novel, a drama, or a narrative poem.

20. Parts of a Plot
Inciting incident – event that gives rise to conflict (opening situation)
Development- events that occur as result of central conflict (rising action)
Climax- highest point of interest or suspense of story
Resolution- when conflict ends
Denouement- when characters go back to their life before the conflict

21. Diagram of Plot Climax Resolution Development/ Rising Action
Introduction
Denouement
Inciting incident/ Opening situation

22. Special Techniques of Plot
Suspense- excitement or tension
Foreshadowing- hint or clue about what will happen in story
Flashback- interrupts the normal sequence of events to tell about something that happened in the past
Surprise Ending- conclusion that reader does not expect

23. Conflict Conflict is a struggle between opposing forces
Every plot must contain some kind of conflict
Stories can have more than one conflict
Conflicts can be external or internal
External conflict- outside force may be person, group, animal, nature, or a nonhuman obstacle
Internal conflict- takes place in a character’s mind

24. Theme
A central message, concern, or insight into life expressed through a literary work
Can be expressed by one or two sentence statement about human beings or about life
May be stated directly or implied
Interpretation uncovers the theme

25. Example of Theme
“Every man needs to feel allegiance to his native country, whether he always appreciates that country or not.”
From “A Man Without a Country” by Edward Hale pg. 185 in Prentice Hall Literature book

26. Story Literary Elements
Some basics that every good story must have ….

27. LITERARY ELEMENTS AND DEVICES
Imagery
Point of View
Symbolism
Characterization
Allusion
Setting
Conflict
Foreshadowing
Plot
Flashback
Theme
Irony

28. We will now view a video on some of these elements

29. These literary elements or devices are what make up a story.
What we have learned:
Imagery
Point of View
Symbolism
Characterization
Allusion
Setting
Conflict
Foreshadowing
Plot
Flashback
Theme
Irony
These literary elements or devices are what make up a story.
Each of these terms describes a device an author uses to add a
certain effect or feeling to the story
We have learned how to identify these elements and seen
examples of how they are used in stories.

30. Now, you need to make a copy of this screen to send to your teacher for proof of
Attendance. This can be done in three easy steps:

33. If you still have questions, please contact me at:
Thank you for viewing this presentation.
Diana Lenartiene, IRSC ABE Instructor