1. The Value of SBE/AGEP John Mohr Univ of Calif, Santa Barbara
2007 AAAS Meetings, San Francisco, CA Session: "Broadening Participation in the Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences"
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2. Introduction What is the Value of SBE/AGEP? Why Spend the $ ?
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3. Introduction Paper in association with the SBE/AGEP Steering Committee
Karen Cook (Stanford University) & Robert Hummer (Univ. of Texas)
Outline…
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4. Why Spend NSF $?
2006NSF Strategic Plan: 4 Strategic Outcome Goals (1) Discovery: Foster research to advance the frontiers of knowledge (2) Learning: Cultivate a world class, broadly inclusive science and engineering workforce (3) Research Infrastructure: Instrumentation, etc.
(4) Stewardship: Capable & Responsive Org.
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5. Learning: Cultivate a world-class, broadly inclusive science and engineering workforce.
(1980) The Science and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act gave NSF standing authority to support activities to improve the participation of women and minorities in science and engineering.
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6. Key Strategy of AGEP—Faculty
Broaden Participation in Science Faculty — A Goal in itself (as part of Broadening Participation Mandate)
But Also — Instrumental to other broadening participation goals
Role Models
Mentors
Outreach
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7. Broadening Participation in Higher Education — Some Progress
Census Data: Age College Graduate
% Black ? Hispanic (11.9% White)
% Black 5.7% Hispanic (22.0% White)
% Black 10.9% Hispanic (28.9% White)
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8. Broadening Participation in Faculty Ranks — Less Progress
Full Time Faculty with Tenure
White (Non-Hispanic) %
Black (Non-Hispanic) %
Hispanic %
Asian/Pacific Islander %
Amer. Indian/Alaska Native %
Race/ethnicity unknown %
Nonresident Alien %
(Source U.S. Dept of Education IPED Winter )
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9. Broadening Participation in Science/Engineering Faculty — Even Less Progress
Faculty in Science/Engineering Fields
White (Non-Hispanic) %
Black (Non-Hispanic) %
Hispanic %
Asian/Pacific Islander %
(Source: National Scence Foundation)
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10. Broadening Participation in Science/Engineering Faculty — The Good News
Faculty in Science/Engineering Fields
Tenured or on Tenure Track
White (Non-Hispanic) %
Black (Non-Hispanic) %
Hispanic %
Asian/Pacific Islander %
(Source: National Scence Foundation)
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11. Learning: Cultivate a world-class, broadly inclusive science and engineering workforce.
Clear Need
Progress being made
Main Task, increase # of Ph.D. students
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12. Learning: Cultivate a world-class, broadly inclusive science and engineering workforce.
In addition to Goal of Broader Participation
Goal of Promoting Better Science Education also demands diversity
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13. Diversity — Enhances quality of education.
Increasingly globalized world
Much Scientific Evidence Diversity Enhances Learning
Michigan Supreme Court Decision (O’Connor)
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14. Diversity — Enhances quality of education.
Does Diversity Make a Difference? (2000) American Council on Education & American Assoc. of University Professors (Classroom studies)
Patricia Gurin (Michigan) (Survey Evidence)
Anthony Antonio (Stanford) (Cognitive Psych)
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15. Learning: Cultivate a world-class, broadly inclusive science and engineering workforce.
Mandate and a Need for Broadening Participation (especially at Faculty Level)
Diversity in Educational Settings a Valued Good in itself
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16. Discovery: Foster research to advance the frontiers of knowledge.
Social Science — Very Clear that bringing women and under-represented minorities onto the research faculty critical to producing excellent science
Demographic Change since 1970’s
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17. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent Social Science.
My Dept 32 Faculty: Men 13 Women
21 White
4 African-American
4 Hispanic
3 Other (Chinese, Philippine, Indian)
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18. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent Social Science.
Why Diversity Matters?
Scientific Fact — Race, Class, Gender huge impact on every measured outcome.
Prime Goal of Social Science understand how these institutions operate, how they are internalized, resisted, transformed
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19. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent Social Science.
Why Diversity Matters? (1) Methodologically (Access, Insight)
(2) Perspective (Feminist Theory ex.)
(3) Exchange (Faculty as synergistic)
White Guys Can’t Jump -- But they can learn.
Diversity Changes the Mix of thinking (Corporate)
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20. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent STEM Science?
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21. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent STEM Science?
Direct Effect?
A more diverse faculty (Gender & Race) lead to better science?
Papadopoulos, Greg “Engineering field must have diversity.” CNET News, October 5, 2006
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22. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent STEM Science?
Indirect Effect?
Increasingly STEM and Social Sciences are tightly coupled and interdependent.
The more Good STEM Science is Dependent on Good Social Science, then the more Good STEM Science is dependent on Greater Diversity in Social Science
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23. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent STEM Science?
Increasingly tightly coupled and interdependent STEM & SBE Sciences
(1) Science & Technology increasingly able to Protect humanity from the ravages of nature.
&
(2) Science & Technology increasingly has ability to harm humanity
(3) Science itself becoming increasingly social
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24. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent STEM Science?
(1) Science & Technology increasingly able to Protect humanity from the ravages of nature:
Natural disasters like Hurricanes Katrina and Rita
Recent Tsunami disaster
(Also) Man-made disasters such as terrorism (e.g., 9/11)
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25. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent STEM Science?
(2) Science & Technology increasingly has ability to harm/influence humanity
Global Climate Change
Biotechnology
Cultural Changes (TV, Computing, etc.)
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26. Discovery: Diversity Critical for Excellent STEM Science?
(3) Science itself becoming increasingly social.
Larger systems of social organization, collaboration
Larger technology, cyber-infrastructure
Interface between nanotechnology and human social cognition
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27. Conclusion: SBE/AGEP Worth its salt?
Broadens Participation at Faculty Level (Critical Juncture)
Diversity Enhances Educational Excellence
Diversity Direct Positive Impact on Quality of SBE Science
Diversity Direct Positive Impact on Quality of STEM Science
Diversity Indirect Positive Impact on Quality of STEM Science (through increases quality of SBE Science)
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