1. WELCOME
@maharudra rakh

2. “History, Defination & Scope of Pharmacognosy”
A SEMINAR ON
“History, Defination & Scope of Pharmacognosy”
Presented by
MAHARUDRA S. RAKH
M. PHARM ., M.B.A
E- mail:
PHARMACOGNOSY
First year

3. Introduction to Pharmacognosy
The word Pharmacognosy is derived from the Greek "Pharmakon", meaning a drug or poison and “gignosis" meaning to acquire a knowledge of and literally meaning "the entire knowledge of drug".

5. Types of Drugs Derived from Plants
1- herbal drugs derived from specific parts of a medicinal plant: they are known as “herbal medicinal products”, “herbal remedies” or “phytomedicines”.
Entire plants or animals: Mentha,
Lobelia, Cantharidis, Cochineal.
Entire organs of plants : Senna,
Clove, Fennel, Linseed, Quassia,
Cinchona, Liquorice.

6. 2- Natural products or compounds isolated from nature (unorganized): opium, aloes, tragacanth, resins, musk, beeswax, gelatin.
3- Nutraceuticals, or “functional foods”: garlic, spices, anthocyanin or flavonoid containing foods and carotenoid- containing plants

17. Ayurvedic system of medicine
It is 5500 years old medicine system
Ayur means life, veda means knowledge of science
Since it is science of life
Charak sanhita (900 B.C.)
First recorded treatise of ayurveda
Contain 8 section into 150 cahpters
Descriptiona of about 341 plants, which used as medicine
Sushruta sanhita (600 B.C.)
Given on surgery
Fixed sections covering 186 capters
It describes 395 medicinal plants, 57 animal origin drugs and 65 mineral and metals drugs

18. Ayurvedic system based on THREE principles
Tridosha theory:- vata (air humor), pitta (fire, humor), kapha (water)
Panchamabhuta siddhanta:- earth, water, fire, air, akash
Gana, rasa, virya, vipaka, prabhava siddhanta
Types of formulations ayurveda
Powders
Liquids
Semisolid
Tablet
Churna
Arka
Ghrita
Vatika
Bhasma
Taila
Malam
Gutika

19. Homeopathic system of medicine
Started by Samuel Hahnemann, the chemist of Germany
It is made up of two words, homeo meaning similar and pathos meaning suffering
It is based on the treatment of “like cure like”
Homeopathic system based on SEVEN principles
Individualization
Similar simplex
Minimum dose
Law of providing the drug
Law of dynamisation
Vital force
Normal state

20. Unani system of medicine
It developed during the Arabian civilaization it has originated in the concept of Hippocrates, Greek philosopher and physician
Unani system based on Hippocratic theory and Pythagorian theory
Hippocratic theory of four humors- blood, phloem or mucous, yellow bile and black bile, which regulate the function of the body
Pythagorian theory of four qualities of state of matter include hot, cold, moist and dry
Diagnosis: by pulse reading , exami. Urine, stools and sputum, history of patient
Treatment: various treatments s.a. diet therapy, pharmacotherapy and surgery

21. Aromatherapy system of medicine
It was coned and used by French chmist Prof. Gentle Fosse
Involves treatment by use of aromatic or essential oils s.a. body massage
Diagnosis: on past illness, patients diet and lifestyle
Treatment: involves massage, whole body bath, inhalation and internal administration in form of mouthwash and liquids