1. Location, Location, Location!
DNA, genes, chromosomes
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Guiding Questions
How can you diagram and explain the relationship of the following components within the cell: nucleus, DNA, chromosomes, and genes.
If you could create a gene that could be inherited to your children, what would your gene be and what trait would it code for?
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Engage
On your worksheet, answer question #1 on your own. If you are not sure of the answer, then write what YOU THINK the answer to question should be.
Class discussion to share answers
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Engage
Form teams of 4 students
Each person in the team will need the following:
6 feet of colorful yarn
1 paper clip
**If there are less than 4 students in a group, then one student will get 2 pieces of yarn and 2 paper clips
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5. Engage
Yarn and paperclips must fit into this circle
How can you fit each person’s yarn and paperclip into the center circle without wadding the yarn into a ball?
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Student Worksheet
Complete Part 1 for Question #2
If you are not sure, predict what you think is correct.
*Paper clip is not part of description
Class Discussion – Teams share what the parts of their model represent
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Explore
Compare the diagram with your string model, then complete Part 2
nucleus
chromosome
cell
gene
Large circle in diagram
Small circle in diagram
DNA
Image credit:
(Public Domain – National Human Genome Research)
Strand of Yarn
Yarn wrapped around paperclip
Colored Sections of Yarn
**Paper clip represents the proteins that are used to help coil DNA to create chromosomes
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Diagram
Complete #3 on your worksheet
nucleus
cell
chromosome
gene
DNA
Image credit:
(Public Domain – National Human Genome Research)
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Card Sort
With your team, sort the cards and match the term to the definition (place terms and definitions side-by-side as shown below)
TERM
DEFINITION
DEFINITION
TERM
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Card Sort
With your team, gallery walk to view sorting from other teams.
You may make changes to your sort, after viewing
TERM
DEFINITION
DEFINITION
TERM
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Explain
Smallest unit of life, found in plants and animals
Largest organelle in the cell, directs activities, contains DNA
Image credit:
Diagram showing location of DNA: (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Plant cell: (public domain)
Animal cell: (CC BY-SA 3.0)
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Explain
Shoulder partners test each other on words and definitions
Smallest unit of life, found in plants and animals
Largest organelle in the cell, directs activities, contains DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid, organism’s genetic material
Coiled DNA
Sections of DNA that code for specific traits
Image credit:
Diagram showing location of DNA: (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Diagram showing parts of gene in a chromosome: (public domain - National Human Genome Research Institute)
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Think About It…
What is the difference between a cell and a nucleus?
What is DNA? Why is it important?
What is the relationship between DNA and chromosomes?
What is the importance of genes? Where are they located?
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Bill Nye Video
Bill Nye: Genes
On your own paper divide your paper into 4 squares
Write facts from the video about DNA.
Write facts from the video about Genes.
Write facts from video about chromosomes.
Write facts from video about cell/nucleus
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Bill Nye Video
**Pick one of the facts you wrote from the video for each term and write it below
**below is an example of facts from the video
Nucleus contains chromosomes
DNA spiral staircase made up of 4 chemicals
Suitcase is a chromosome holding a gene
1,000 genes make up a chromosome
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Elaborate
You have heard and talked about these definitions several times, now it is your turn to write your own definition that will help you to remember them!
Image credit:
Diagram showing location of DNA: (CC BY-SA 3.0)
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Elaborate
Read Article: “There’s a gene for life in high-altitude Tibet”
Answer #7 on your Student Worksheet.
Trait gives the Tibetans an advantage over lowlanders at high altitudes.
EPAS1 is a gene that makes life well suited at high altitudes and Tibetans need this gene because their homes are about 15,000 ft above sea level.
The air has 40 percent less oxygen than low elevations
At high elevations, more red blood cells are produced and can cause high blood pressure and strokes at high elevations. Low hemoglobin helps to prevent exposure to these diseases.
EPAS1 was passed from Denisovans as a result of mating. Tibetans that had the gene lived in higher elevations and passed the gene to their descendants.
Tibetan people live in high altitude areas and have inherited a gene, EPAS1, that lowers oxygen levels in their blood.
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Evaluate
Using all the information you have leaned, now answer #’s 8-11 on your Student Worksheet.
Image credit:
Diagram showing location of DNA: (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Diagram of chromosome unravelling, showing gene: (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The nucleus, DNA, chromosomes, and genes contains all information for life. Nucleus is in the cell and contains DNA, chromosomes, and genes. DNA creates chromosomes when DNA coils up inside the nucleus. Sections of DNA are genes which contain heredity material information for the organism.
The gene for human DNA would consist of a small section of DNA on chromosome #1. This gene would be called SGIL3 and would allow a person to extract oxygen from water to allow them to breath underwater.
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