1. Personality Study Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus (168-133BCE)
(Part 1) Background to Second Century BCE Crisis

2. Layout of the combined course
Tiberius Gracchus
Roman society and politics leading up to his tribunate
Family background
Land reform (Lex agraria)
Assassination
Evaluation of his career
Assessment: Week 6, T1
Rome BCE
Social/political crisis
Populares vs Optimates
Tiberius Gracchus
Gaius Gracchus
Gaius Marius
Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Social War
War in the East
Assessment: TBC

4. Rome, during the Carthaginian War

5. Romae post victoria

6. Unintended consequences of victory

7. Key concepts in Republican Rome
Patricians
Plebians
Equites
Roman citizenship
Ager publicus
Latifundia
Cursus honorum
Patron/Client
Familia
Paterfamilia
Potestas
Gloritas
Dignitas
Senate
Comitia Tributa
Tribune of the Plebs
Optimates
Populares

8. Cursus honorum Military tribune [Tribune of the Plebs] Quaestor Aedile
Praetor
Consul
Dictator (emergency only)
Pontifex Maximus
Censor

9. Timeline of the life of Tiberius
168: Born
139: military tribune during 3rd Punic War
137: Quaester with General Mancius during the war with Numantines
133: Elected tribune of the plebs
133: Passed Lex agaria controversially
133: Attempted to stand for election as tribune of the plebs again.
133: Assassinated by senators, led by his nemesis, Nasica

10. Tiberius Gracchus and Land Reform
Tiberius Gracchus told the people: “You fight and die to give luxury to other men…but you have not a foot of ground to call your own.”
Wanted to limit the amount of land each person could own
Wanted to rebuild the farming class by redistributing land
The patricians were not pleased with Tiberius Gracchus
Tiberius Gracchus and hundreds of his followers were murdered
The lower classes (plebeians) were suffering.
133 BCE – Tiberius Gracchus was elected as tribune of the plebeians
He promised land reform