1. The Punic Wars

2. City- State of Carthage
Trading post established by Phoenicians who called it Carthage
Carthage becomes an independent
state

3. The Punic Wars
Eventually Rome and Carthage began to fight over trade in the Mediterranean Sea
They fought 3 battles

4. The First Punic War 264 BC-241 BC
Fought over Sicily for 23 years
Carthage lost
This was Rome’s first province (territory)

5. The Second Punic War 218 BC – 202 BC
Carthage was led by HANNIBAL a brilliant general.
He used 50,000 men, 9,000 cavalry and 60 elephants.
To surprise Rome he went through the Alps

6. The Second Punic War
For 15 years, Hannibal moved across Italy dominating
Finally a Roman general name Scipio defeated Hannibal.
Rome gained Spain

9. The Third Punic War 149 BC -146 BC
Cato an influential senator reminded them of the terror Hannibal laid on Italy.
By this time, Carthage was no longer a threat.
Romans burned Carthage and sold all of Carthaginians into slavery!

10. Rome before the Punic Wars

11. Rome In Control
Rome eventually also took over Macedonia, Greece, and other lands.

12. Rome after the Punic Wars

13. Julius Caesar Ambitious military commander Conquest of Gaul
Secret crossing of the Rubicon River
“Veni, vedi, vici” (I came, I saw, I conquered)
Forced Senate to make him a dictator for life

14. ASSASSINATION OF CAESAR
Caesar’s enemies worried he would make himself king of Rome and be too powerful
Plot against him to save the Republic
44 BC killed by Brutus and Cassius in the Senate