1. The Second Industrial Revolution 1850-1900
a.k.a. “The Technological Revolution”
(Before/After 1850)
Britain/U.S., Germany
Small companies/Large corporations
Water Power and Steam Engine/Internal Combustion Engine and Electricity
Revolution in production/Revolution in technology
British railroads/W. Europe, U.S., Colonial Regions
Sailing ships/Steam ships
Telegraph/Transatlantic Cable
Iron/Steel
Local Markets/Global Markets
Heavy Industry/Consumer Goods

2. The Industrialized v. the Non-Industrialized World

3. The New Imperialism

4. Political Factors
Age of Nationalism increased rivalries among Western countries
These rivalries were transmitted throughout the globe
“Colonies for colonies’ sake”(?)

5. Economic Motivations
Growth of the global economy accelerated the expansion of imperialism
The industrialized world sought new sources of raw materials and new markets for its products

6. Social Factors
Social Darwinism was used to justify the conquest of “backward” peoples
Missionaries wanted to spread “Christian civilization”
European medicine and technology would benefit the non-industrialized world

7. Africa and the New Imperialism

8. The Berlin Conference
By 1880, many European powers were interested in establishing colonial empires in Africa
Conference of Berlin in 1885 drafted a code to determine how the partition of Africa should proceed

9. European countries that had holdings on the African coast had first rights to the interior
Those countries had to maintain a real presence in the areas they claimed
Thus began the “Scramble for Africa”

10. By 1900, the only independent countries that remained were Ethiopia and Liberia
“I would annex the planets if I could”-C. Rhodes