1. SPECIFIC HEAT q = s x m x DT
SPECIFIC HEAT: The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius (or one Kelvin).
q = s x m x DT

2. UNITS for HEAT ENERGY 1 cal = 4.184 J
Heat energy is usually measured in either Joules, given by the unit (J), and kilojoules (kJ) or in calories, written shorthand as (cal), and kilocalories (kcal).
1 cal = J
NOTE: This conversion correlates to the specific heat of water which is 1 cal/g oC or J/g oC.

3. SPECIFIC HEAT
Determine the energy (in kJ) required to raise the temperature of g of water from 20.0 oC to 85.0 oC?
m = g DT = Tf -Ti = oC = 65.0 oC
q = m x s x DT s (H2O) = J/ g - oC
q = (100.0 g) x (4.184 J/g-oC) x (65.0oC)
q = J (1 kJ / 1000J) = 27.2 kJ
Determine the specific heat of an unknown metal that required 2.56 kcal of heat to raise the temperature of g from 15.0 oC to oC?
S = cal /g -oC

4. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
The law of conservation of energy (the first law of thermodynamics), when related to heat transfer between two objects, can be stated as:
The heat lost by the hot object = the heat gained by the cold object
-qhot = qcold
-mh x sh x DTh = mc x sc x DTc
where DT = Tfinal - Tinitial

5. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
Assuming no heat is lost, what mass of cold water at 0.00oC is needed to cool g of water at 97.6oC to 12.0 oC?
-mh x sh x DTh = mc x sc x DTc
- (100.0g) (1 cal/goC) ( oC) = m (1 cal/goC) ( oC)
8560 cal = m (12.0 cal/g)
m = cal / (12.0 cal/g)
m = 713 g
Calculate the specific heat of an unknown metal if a g piece at 100.0oC is dropped into mL of water at 17.8 oC. The final temperature of the mixture was 39.4oC.
s (metal) = cal/g oC

6. PRACTICE PROBLEM #7 180. J 1.23 x 103 cal 31.1 oC 1.28 J/g oC
1. Iron metal has a specific heat of J/goC. How much heat is transferred to a 5.00 g piece of iron, initially at 20.0 oC, when it is placed in a beaker of boiling water at 1 atm?
2. How many calories of energy are given off to lower the temperature of g of iron from oC to 35.0 oC?
3. If 3.47 kJ were absorbed by 75.0 g H2O at 20.0 oC, what would be the final temperature of the water?
4. A 100. g sample of water at 25.3 oC was placed in a calorimeter g of lead shots (at 100 oC) was added to the calorimeter and the final temperature of the mixture was 34.4 oC. What is the specific heat of lead?
5. A 17.9 g sample of unknown metal was heated to oC. It was then added to g of water in an insulted cup. The water temperature rose from oC to 23.98oC. What is the specific heat of the metal in J/goC?
180. J
1.23 x 103 cal
31.1 oC
1.28 J/g oC
0.792 J/goC