1. Prolactin and proinflammatory cytokine expression at the fetomaternal interface in first trimester miscarriage 
Emanuele Garzia, M.D., Roberta Clauser, M.D., Luca Persani, M.D., Ph.D., Stefano Borgato, M.D., Gaetano Bulfamante, M.D., Laura Avagliano, M.D., Federica Quadrelli, M.D., Anna Maria Marconi, M.D. 
Fertility and Sterility 
Volume 100, Issue 1, Pages e2 (July 2013)
DOI: /j.fertnstert
Copyright © 2013 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1 Study population: analysis of fetal karyotype.
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3. Figure 2
Immunohistochemical cytokine expression in villous samples of spontaneous miscarriage (SM) and voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTP). (A) Prolactin (PRL) immunoreaction was negative in SM cases [A1] while, in VTP cases a strong PRL immunostaining was detected in cytotrophoblast, macrophages and stromal cells [A2]. (B) No differences in the immunoreaction of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were present between cases [B1] and controls [B2]: syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, macrophage, and stromal cells were TNF-α positive. (C) Interleukin-2 (IL-2) immunoreaction was negative in VTP [C2] samples while positive IL-2 immunostaining has been shown in a few SM samples in cytotrophoblast, macrophages and stromal cells [C1]. (D) No differences in the immunoreaction of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were present between cases [D1] and controls [D2]: syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, macrophage, and stromal cells were IFN-γ positive. Original magnification: ×20.
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4. Figure 3
Immunohistochemical cytokine expression in decidua basalis and parietalis. The decidual stromal cells (arrow) and glandular epithelium (arrowhead) expressed all cytokines investigated in our study, albeit with different intensity of staining. *Trophoblastic cell columns of anchoring villi. $Spiral arteries. Original magnification: A1, B1, C1, D1 = ×20; A2, B2, C2, D2 = ×40.
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5. Supplemental Figure 1
RT-PCR of PRL-R, PRL, TNF-α, and IL-2 in the villi (A) and decidua (B) in samples from spontaneous miscarriage (white bars) and voluntary termination of pregnancy (grey bars). *P<.04; **P<.02; ***P<.001.
Fertility and Sterility  , e2DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2013 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

6. Supplemental Figure 2
Immunostaining of PRL, TNF-α, IL-2, and IFN-γ in the villi (A) and decidua (B) samples from spontaneous miscarriage (white bars) and voluntary termination of pregnancy (grey bars). ***P<.001.
Fertility and Sterility  , e2DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2013 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions