1. Putting Things in Order
Put the following events in correct order by numbering them from 1 to 5.
1.___First telegraph message—“What hath God wrought?”—is sent from Baltimore to Washington.
2.___Industrial revolution begins in Britain.
3.___Telegraph lines are stretched across Atlantic Ocean and North American continent.
4.___Major water transportation route connects New York City to Lake Erie and points west.
5.___Invention of cotton gin and system of interchangeable parts revolutionized southern agriculture and northern industry.

2. The Westward Movement in America

3. American population centers in 1820

4. American population centers by 1860
What is the cause of this movement?

5. Reasons for Westward Movement
New intellectual and religious movements.
Social reforms.
Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution in America.
Re-emergence of a second party system and more political democratization.
Increase in federal power  Marshall Ct. decisions.
Increase in American nationalism.
Further westward expansion.
Increased immigration

6. Coming to America…
America’s population is steadily increasing because of immigrants from Europe
Ireland = nearly ½ of all immigrants
Catholic /Protestant issues
Potato famine (1845)
Germans = nearly 2 million
Evade military service
Unstable political situation
Free from economic sanctions

8. Rise of the Know Nothings. Or Getting to know Mr
Rise of the Know Nothings!! Or Getting to know Mr. O’s AP History class 
The influx of Irish Catholics disturbed many conservative Americans
argued they would place loyalty to the Catholic Church above loyalty to the U.S.
The "Know-Nothing" party stressed the need for native born Americans to take charge.

9. SOUTH  Cotton & Slavery WEST  The Nation’s “Breadbasket”
Regional Development!
EAST  Industrial
SOUTH  Cotton & Slavery
WEST  The Nation’s “Breadbasket”
America needs new innovations to meet
the demands of the people!
The Early Industrial Revolution of America

10. Transportation revolutions!
The First Turnpike Lancaster, PA
The National Road = The Cumberland Pike
By 1830’s – nearly 2400 miles of roads

11. 15 miles on the Erie Canal…
Moving goods by water is cheaper than other methods (wagons)
But….
No waterways connect the
East Coast and the Great Lakes
New York governor DeWitt Clinton proposed building the largest canal in America The Erie Canal 363 miles from Buffalo to Albany NY

12. Started in 1817
Finished in 1825

13. Major Canals by the 1840’s

14. Clipper Ships Sacrificed cargo room for speed
Could transport cargo upriver, but was expensive to do so

15. Robert Fulton & The Clermont

16. The Iron Horse!
Quickly became the fastest and most efficient means of transportation
Concerns over safety and regulation would wait until later!
1830  13 miles of track built by Baltimore & Ohio RR By 1850’s  30, 600+ miles of track

18. -opens first water powered mill Develops the Rhode Island System-
Samuel Slater
-opens first water powered mill
Develops the Rhode Island System-
Hire entire families including children
Created the company town - Slatersville
Francis Cabot Lowell
Boston Manufacturing Co. – 1814
Cotton to cloth production
Employees living in Company housing
A model of production and labor

19. Lowell, MA Est. 1826

20. The Lowell Girls Local farm girls Average age 24 (as young as 10)
Strict supervision
Long hours, little pay
1 year contract (4yrs)
5 a.m. till 7 p.m. (73 hrs/wk)
Poor working conditions
(hot, stuffy, fabric filled air)
Lived in company boarding house
6 girls to a room
Introduced to “city” ways and life
Taught morals of society

22. Eli Whitney revolutionizes industry
Creates interchangeable parts system
(gun manufacturing)
-taming the West!
Helps create the
American System of Manufacturing --
the combination of power machinery, interchangeable parts, and division of labor
(modeled after Lowell)
Eli Whitney Armoury

23. Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1793

24. Elias Howe
and
Isaac Singer
The Sewing Machine

25. Samuel Morse – The Telegraph 1840

26. The Textile Industry of America
The New England Area
American Textile Centers

27. Look for the Union label!
Workingman’s Party (1829) “The Workies”
- 10 – 12 hour workday
- Education will lead people out of poverty
Free tax supported school system
Help provide financial support to strikers
Commonwealth v. Hunt 1842
-Unions were legal organizations
-Have the right to organize a strike
-Strikes were legal as long as strikers
were not forced to participate

28. America and Big Business!
Supreme Court Rulings: * Fletcher v. Peck (1810) * Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819) * McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) * Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) * Charles Rivers Bridge v. Warren Bridge (1835)
General Incorporation Law  passed in New York, 1848.
Adopting a policy of Laissez Faire –
non-interference in business practices