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Human Genetics Pp
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heredity: transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring
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Mendel Mendel’s Peas Observed 7 characteristics and 2 traits within each characteristic EX. CHARACTERISTIC: flower color TRAIT: purple or white Observations: purple flowering plants produced both purple and white flowering plants
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Mendel’s Experiment (page 175)
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Mendel’s Results The trait masked by a dominant factor did not appear in F1 but did in F2 Trait controlled by a recessive factor is masked when paired with a dominant
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Chromosomes and genes Gene: located on a chromosome codes for a characteristic (ie flower color) Different forms of a gene = allele (i.e. purple or white) Letters used to represent alleles dominant trait capitalized (purple = P) recessive lower case (white = p)
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Genotypes and Phenotypes
Genotype: alleles an organism inherits EX: PP Pp pp Phenotypes: appearance due to the genotype EX: PP (purple) Pp (purple) pp (white) Homozygous: both alleles are alike (PP or pp) Heterozygous: alleles are different
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Rules Law of segregation: paired factors separate during meiosis (formation of gametes) Law of independent assortment: alleles sort independently of one another (not all dominant appeared together)
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