1. Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

4. Anatomy and Physiology
“tome”=
Morphology
Physiology
“physis”=
“logos”=
Why study them together?
Principle of Complimentarity
“Form follows function”
Hand formed with jointed fingers in order to grab and hold.
Bones function to support and protect therefore they are formed from rigid minerals.
What professions would need to have a background in A & P?

5. Anatomy and Physiology: Structure meets Function
Anatomy: Structure of the human body; different levels of the science of anatomy
Gross
Regional
Systemic
Surface
Microscopic
developmental

6. Physiology: looks at HOW specific systems work
Focuses on cellular and molecular levels
Uses other branches of science
Subdivisions:
Neurophysiology
Renal physiology
kinesiology

7. Levels of Structural Organization
Hierarchy of structural design to the human body (figure 1.3 p. 4)
Chemical (atomic)
Cellular
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism

8. Characteristics of Life p. 4
Consider traits that humans share with other organisms.
Movement
Responsiveness
Growth
Reproduction
Respiration
(cont’d)
Digestion
Absorption
Circulation
Assimilation
excretion

9. Maintaining Life p. 5 Requirements Homeostasis heat food water oxygen
pressure
Homeostasis
Ability to maintain a constant internal environment
Done through a number of self-regulating control systems

10. Elimination & Why Absorption Stomach Kidneys Excretion Urinary system
Eliminate one of the words from the list and explain why it does not belong.

11. Characteristic Body covering Organ System Function 1.integumentary
1.Protect underlying tissue, regulate body, temp, house sensory receptors
Support & Movement
1.Skeltal system
2.Muscular system
1.Provides framework and protects
2.Generates heat, maintains posture, movement
Integration & Coordination
1.Nervous system
2. Endocrine System
1. Takes in data, processes data
2. Provides chemical messengers
Transport
1.Cardiovascular system
2. Lymphatic System
1. Transports gases, nutrients, and wastes
2. Reabsorbs tissue fluid
Absorption & Excretion
1.Digestive system
2.Respiratory system
3. Urinary system
1.Breaks down nutrients
2. Gas exchange
3. Remove waste and maintain electrolyte balance
Reproduction: Female
Male
1. Reproductive system
1. Produces new organism

12. Organization of the Human Body
Human body can be divided into an axial and appendicular portion.
Axial portion contains all the major body cavities
Membranes
Parietal pleura covers the wall of cavity
Visceral pleura covers the organ

13. Body Planes Describe the following terms: Sagittal plane
Transverse plane
Coronal plane

14. Organization of the Human Body
Define the following terms. Terms are located on pp
Axial
Appendicular
Parietal
Visceral
Pleural membranes
Pericardial membranes
Peritoneal membranes
The following terms are listed on p. 14.
Anatomical position
Superior
Inferior
Anterior
Posterior
Medial
Lateral
Proximal
Distal
Superficial (peripheral)
Deep

15. Rules for drawings. Each drawing should be:
Head each sheet with your name, due date, and period
Done in pencil
Colored
On a separate piece of paper
Labeled with the figure number, page number, title and description.
COMPLETE

16. Draw, label, and turn in the following
Figure 1.8 (a) and (b) p. 9 Major body cavities.
Figure 1.9 p. 10 Cavities within the head
Figure 1.13 p. 15 Body sections
Figure 1.16 p. 17 (a) and (b) Body regions