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Biology
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22–2 Bryophytes
Photo Credit: Terry Donnelly/Dembinsky Photo Associates
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Groups of Bryophytes
Mosses and their relatives are called bryophytes, or nonvascular plants.
They do not have vascular tissues, or specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients.
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Groups of Bryophytes
Bryophytes have life cycles that depend on water for reproduction.
Bryophytes draw up water by osmosis only a few centimeters above the ground.
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Groups of Bryophytes
The three groups of bryophytes are:
mosses
liverworts
hornworts
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Groups of Bryophytes
Mosses
The most common bryophytes are mosses.
Mosses:
are adapted to life in wet habitats and nutrient-poor soils.
can tolerate low temperatures.
are clumps of gametophytes growing together.
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Groups of Bryophytes
Capsule
The Structure of a Moss
Sporophyte
Stalk
Stemlike structure
Gametophyte
Leaflike structure
This illustration shows the structure of a typical moss plant. The green photosynthetic portion is the gametophyte. The brown structure on the tip of the gametophyte is the sporophyte.
Rhizoid
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Human Use of Mosses
Human Use of Mosses
Sphagnum mosses thrive in the acidic water of bogs.
Dried sphagnum acts as a natural sponge. It can accumulate to form peat deposits.
Peat can be cut from the ground and used as fuel.
Peat can be used to improve the soil’s ability to retain water and to increase soil acidity.
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22–2
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22–2
Unlike all other plants, bryophytes do NOT have
vascular tissue.
chlorophyll.
gemmae.
cell walls.
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22–2
Water moves from the soil into the stemlike and leaflike structures of bryophytes by
osmosis.
active transport.
specialized conducting structures.
vascular tissue.
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22–2
The most abundant bryophytes are the
liverworts.
mosses.
hornworts.
ferns.
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22–2
Fertilization in bryophytes is dependent upon the presence of
water.
sunlight.
nutrients.
wind.
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22–2
The stage of a moss plant that carries out most photosynthesis is the green
gametophyte.
sporophyte.
protonema.
zygote.
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