2. The learners demonstrate an understanding of the properties of matter and its various forms.

3.  The learners design using multimedia, demonstrations, or models, a representation or simulation of any of the following: a. atomic structure b. gas behavior c. mass relationships in d. relationships

4. 1. Distinguish between physical and chemical properties and give examples. STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-3 2. Distinguish between extensive and intensive properties and give examples. STEM_GC11MP-Ia-b-4

5.  What is matter?  What are the 3 physical forms of matter?  Differentiate each and give examples.  Describe the arrangement of the particles of the different states of matter.  What is the 4 th state of matter and who discovered it?  How about the 5 th state?

6.  How can properties used to describe matter be classified?  How are substances identified?

7.  Physical and Chemical Properties  Extensive and Intensive Properties  Changes in Matter

9.  Physical Properties A physical property is a characteristic that can be observed and measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance. Examples: texture, color, odor, length, mass, density, boiling point, freezing point, melting point, shape, volume, compressibility, expansibility, diffusion

10.  Physical Properties of Some Substances SubstanceStateColorMelting Point ( o C) Boiling Point ( o C) HydrogenGasColorless-259-253 OxygenGasColorless-218-183 ChlorineGasGreenish Yellow -101-34 MethanolLiquidColorless-9465 MercuryLiquidSilvery white-39357 WaterLiquidColorless0100 SulfurSolidWhite115445 GoldSolidYellow10642856 PlatinumSolidSilvery white17693825

11.  Chemical Properties A chemical property refers to the ability of a substance to undergo changes to transform into a different substance. It describes how a substance reacts with another substance. Example: the ability of iron to form rust by combining with oxygen in air flammability, ability of charcoal to burn in air

12. When a substance undergoes changes in its composition, a chemical change or a chemical reaction occurs. In a chemical change, one or more substances are converted into different substances. The substances that are formed are called products. The substances that transform or undergo chemical reaction are called reactants.

13.  In the charcoal burning, carbon and oxygen are the reactants in the combustion reaction and carbon dioxide is the product. The chemical change that occur can be described as: Carbon plus Oxygen yields Carbon Dioxide This may also be written with the arrow and plus sign used to substitute the words plus and yields, as shown: Carbon plus Oxygen Carbon Diox ide C + O 2 CO 2

15. Objectives: 1. To measure the volume and mass of different amounts of water. 2. To compute the density of different amounts of water. 3. To observe intensive and extensive properties of matter.

16. Materials: digital balance distilled water 50 – ml graduated cylinder Procedure: 1. Measure the mass of a dry 50 – ml graduated cylinder. Pour into it 20.0 ml distilled water. 2. Measure the mass of the water and the container. Compute for the mass of water. Record in Table 1.

17. 3. Compute for the density of mass per unit volume of the 20.0 ml of distilled water. 4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 but use only 10.0 ml distilled water. 5. Record your observations in Table 1.

18. Property Volume of Distilled Water (ml) 20.010.0 Color Odor Mass of cylinder (g) Mass of cylinder & water (g) Mass of water (g) Volume of water (ml) Mass/Volume or density (g/ml)

19. 1. What property or properties vary as the amount of water is changed? 2. What property or properties do not vary as the amount of water is changed?

20. Another way of classifying properties of matter is based on the effect of the amount of matter present. Using this classification, properties are either intensive or extensive. Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter present. “Greater amount” of water has greater mass and volume compared to the mass and volume of the “smaller amount” of water. Examples of extensive properties are mass, volume, and the amount of energy in a substance.

21. Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present. Such properties include density, melting point, freezing point, and the ability to to conduct heat and electricity. Intensive property is a property that depends on the kind of matter in a sample, not in the amount of matter present. In the activity, color, odor, and density are intensive properties. These properties are the same for both the 20.0ml and 10.0ml distilled water. Color, odor and density are the same no matter how much water is present.

22. Intensive properties are used to determine the identity of a substance. There are cases when a single intensive property is enough. However there are instances when appearance, specifically color, can be misleading. For example, gold and pyrite which look very similar. This is why pyrite is often called “fool’s gold”.

23. 1. Physical Change – a change in matter that involves no change in chemical composition thus there is no new substance formed. In this type of change, some physical properties are usually altered. Note that all changes of state are physical changes. 2. Examples: 1.Melting of ice (change of state) 2.Breaking of chalk (the size changes)

24. 2. Chemical change – a change where one or more substances are formed. Examples: 1. burning of paper (carbon reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide) 2. ripening of bananas (starch changes to sugar)

25. 3. Nuclear change – involves a change in the particles in the center of an atom and thus, a new element forms. This element will be dealt in the chapter that discusses “ nuclear reactions.” Examples: 1. explosion of an atomic bomb 2. production of solar energy ( fusion of hydrogen to form helium)

26.  A physical property is a characteristic that can be observed and measured without changing the identity of the substance.  A chemical property refers to the ability of a substance to undergo changes to transform into different substance.  When a substance undergoes changes in its composition, a chemical change or chemical reaction occurs.

27.  Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter present. ( describe the outside appearance of the material)  Examples: Volume, mass and length  Intensive properties depend on the nature of matter in a sample, not on the amount of matter present. (require you to measure something in the material)  Examples: Temperature, odor density and freezing point

28.  Physical Change – a change in matter that involves no change in chemical composition. Examples: Melting of ice, breaking of chalk, change of water into ice  Chemical change – a change wherein one or more new substances are formed. Examples: Burning of paper, ripening of bananas, change of water into hydrogen peroxide.

29.  Nuclear change – involves a change in the particles in the center of an atom and thus, a new element forms.  Examples: Explosion of an atomic bomb, production of solar energy

30.  Why is pyrite often called “ fool’s gold”?

31.  Properties of matter  Identify whether the following is a physical property (PP) or a chemical property (CP). 1. Striking a match causes it to burst into flame. 2.The density of gold is 19.3g/ml. 3.Fine steel wool burns in air. 4.Lead is denser than aluminium. 5.Oxygen gas supports combustion.

32.  Extensive & Intensive Properties  Identify whether the following are extensive or intensive property. 1. Shape 2. Size 3. Luster 4. Taste 5. Solubility

33.  Changes in Matter  Identify whether the following are physical or chemical change: 1. nail polishing 2. extracting iron from ore 3. addition of carbon dioxide in softdrinks 4. smoking fish 5. ironing of long pants

34.  1. How are matter classified?  2. Differentiate pure substance from mixture, element from compound, homogenous from heterogenous mixture.  3. What are the different separation techniques for mixtures and compounds and describe each.