1. The cardio-vascular system
Gillian Rowe

2. Learning outcome At the end of this session you will understand
The function of the heart within the CV system
The description of pulmonary and systematic circulation
The names of the structures within the heart
The functions and location of the semi-lunar and atrio-ventricular valves

3. function The heart is the primary muscle in the body
Beats continuously
Provides the tissues and cells with oxygen and nutrients
Heart is divided in to four chambers

4. The Heart

5. The 4 chambers Top two chambers – atria
Lower two chambers – ventricles – more muscular than atria as these are the main pumps
Muscular wall in the middle – septum dividing the heart sagitally

7. Double pump Left side of the heart – The SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
Circulating oxygen rich blood through the body
Right side of the heart – PULMONARY CIRCULATION
Circulating oxygen poor blood back to the lungs

9. Valves
Major vessels that act as entry and exit points are at the top of the heart
To ensure smooth passage of blood through the heart, a number of VALVES exist
Valves ensure blood only flows in one direction, and the ‘lub dub’ sound of the heart
The ‘lub’ is the sound of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves (atrio-ventricular valves) closing
The ‘dub’ sound is the sound of the pulmonary and aortic valves (semi-lunar valves) closing

10. Muscular composition of the heart
Heart – Cardiac tissue
Thick outside tissue – pericardium
Thick muscular wall of the heart – myocardium
Inner layer of single cells that line the ventricles – endocardium

11. overview