1. Biology I Chapter 26
Fungi

2. Do Now
In 2 lines, explain why algae is not considered to be a plant.

3. Characteristics Eukaryotic, nonphotosynthetic organisms
Do not contain chloroplasts
Do not produce their own food
Have cell walls that contain chitin

4. Fungi obtain energy by absorbing digested nutrients through the roots.
Obtaining Nutrients
Fungi obtain energy by absorbing digested nutrients through the roots.

5. Structure Hyphae-The individual filaments that make up a mycelium
Mycelium-a mat of hyphae that forms the body of the fungus.

6. Structure
Chitin­a polysaccharide that also makes up the exoskeleton of insects, crustaceans, and other arthropods.

7. Reproduce both asexually and sexually.
Reproduction
Reproduce both asexually and sexually.

8. Asexual Reproduction
Sporangia-reproductive structures in which spores form
Spore-a haploid reproductive cell that is capable of developing into a new organism.

9. Asexual Reproduction
Conidia-specialized type of hyphae which are formed without the protection of a sac

10. Asexual Reproduction
Fragmentation-a hyphae dries and shatters, releasing individual cells that act as spores.

11. Asexual Reproduction
Budding-part of a cell pinches itself off to produce a small offspring cell.

12. Occur in mating types that are sometimes called minus and plus.
Sexual Reproduction
Occur in mating types that are sometimes called minus and plus.

13. Fungi evolved from protists.
Evolution
Fungi evolved from protists.

14. Phylum Zygomycota Produce zygotes
Zygosporangium-allows a mold to remain dormant until conditions are favorable for its spores.
Molds

15. Do Now
How do we classify fungus?

16. Phylum Basidiomycota Club fungus
Produce small, clublike reproductive structures called basidia.
Ex. Mushrooms, shelf fungus, puff balls
Mushrooms
Puff Balls

17. Phylum Ascomycota Sac Fungus
Asci-saclike structures in which haploid spores are formed.
Yeast, Morels, Cup Fungus

18. Phylum Deuteromycota Imperfect Fungus Do not have a sexual stage
Most are human pathogens
Ex. Aspergillus

19. Mychorrhiza-symbiotic structure formed by a fungus and plant root
Mychorrhizae
Mychorrhiza-symbiotic structure formed by a fungus and plant root

20. Lichen
Lichen-consists of a fungus and a photosynthetic partner living together in a symbiotic relationship
Contribute to soil production

21. Inducing allergic reactions Produce toxins Infect internal organs
Humans and Fungus
Inducing allergic reactions
Produce toxins
Infect internal organs

23. Which is poisonous?

24. Fungi in Industry The baking of bread-yeast
The production of antibiotics-Penicillium
The manufacture of drugs-Mold
The manufacture of gasohol-yeast
Saccharomyces-used to genetically engineer vaccines

25. Fungi and Food Industries
Soy sauce
Bread
Truffles
White button, shiitake, and portobello mushrooms
Crash Course

26. Describe the symbiotic relationship that enables a lichen to exist.
Essay
Describe the symbiotic relationship that enables a lichen to exist.