1. Chapter 2 Measurements 2.5 Prefixes and Equalities
Learning Goal Use the numerical values of prefixes to write a metric equality.
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2. 1 kilometer (1 km) = 1000 meters
Prefixes
In the metric and SI systems of units, a prefix attached to any unit increases or decreases its size by some factor of 10.
The relationship of a prefix to a unit can be expressed by replacing the prefix with its numerical value.
1 kilometer (1 km) = meters
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3. Metric, SI Prefixes that Increase
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4. Metric, SI Prefixes that Decrease
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5. Measuring Length, Prefixes
When the prefix centi is used with the unit meter, it becomes a centimeter, a length that is one-hundredth of a meter (0.01 m).
When the prefix milli is used with the unit meter, it becomes a millimeter, a length that is one-thousandth of a meter (0.001 m).
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6. Measuring Length, Equalities
An equality shows the relationship between two units that measure the same quantity.
For example, 1 m is the same length as 100 cm. The equality is written as:
1 m = 100 cm = 1 × 102 cm
1 m = 1000 mm = 1 × 103 mm
1 cm = 10 mm = 1 × 101 mm
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7. Measuring Length, Equalities
The metric length of 1 m is the same length as 10 dm, 100 cm, and 1000 mm.
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8. Measuring Volume
A volume of 1 L or smaller is common in the laboratory. When a liter is divided into 10 equal parts, each is called a deciliter (dL).
1 L = 10 dL = 1 × 101 dL
1 L = 1000 mL = 1 × 103 mL
1 dL = 100 mL = 1 × 102 mL
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9. Measuring Volume
The cubic centimeter (cm3 or cc) is the volume of a cube with the dimensions
1 cm × 1 cm × 1 cm.
A cube measuring 10 cm on each side has a volume of 1000 cm3, or 1 L;
a cube measuring 1 cm on each side has a volume of 1 cm3 1cc2 or 1 mL.
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10. A cubic centimeter has the same volume as a milliliter.
Measuring Volume
A cubic centimeter has the same volume as a milliliter.
1 cm3 = 1 cc = 1 mL
A cube measuring 10 cm on each side has a volume of 1000 cm3, or 1 L;
a cube measuring 1 cm on each side has a volume of 1 cm3 1cc2 or 1 mL.
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11. When measuring the mass of
Measuring Mass
When measuring the mass of
your body, the mass is measured in kilograms (kg)
laboratory samples, mass is reported in grams, milligrams (mg), or micrograms (μg)
1 kg = 1000 g = 1 × 103 g
1 g = 1000 mg = 1 × 103 mg
1 mg = 1000 μg = 1 × 103 μg
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12. Measuring Mass, Equalities
Equalities can be written for mass in the metric (SI) system.
When metric equalities are used, 1 gram is the same mass as 1000 mg and kg.
1 kg = g
1 g = mg
1 mg = g
1 mg = µg
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13. Indicate the unit that completes each of the following equalities:
Learning Check
Indicate the unit that completes each of the following equalities:
1000 m = _____
(1) 1 mm (2) 1 km (3) 1 dm
0.01 m = _____
(1) 1 mm (2) 1 cm (3) 1 dm
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14. Indicate the unit that completes each of the following equalities:
Solution
Indicate the unit that completes each of the following equalities:
1000 m = _____
(2) 1 km
0.01 m = _____
(2) 1 cm
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15. Complete each of the following equalities: 1 kg = _____
Learning Check
Complete each of the following equalities:
1 kg = _____
(1) 10 g (2) 100 g (3) 1000 g
B. 1 mm = _____
(1) m (2) 0.01 m (3) 0.1 m
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16. Complete each of the following equalities: 1 kg = _____ (3) 1000 g
Solution
Complete each of the following equalities:
1 kg = _____
(3) 1000 g
B. 1 mm = _____
(1) m
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