1. Lenin and Stalin
World Studies
January 6

2. I. Russian Civil War ( )
The Reds (communists) vs. the Whites (those loyal to the czar)
The Allies supported the Whites in hopes of getting Russia back into WWI
The Reds had the support of the people, but assassinated the czar just in case
Reds will be led by Leon Trotsky
Formed the cheka (secret police) to seek out White supporters

3. Two Views of Trotsky

4. Russia was in more trouble than before
Reds win, but at a cost
Took over factories, mines, railroads and farms from the people
Forced peasants to be soldiers
Millions died from fighting, starvation, disease
Russia was in more trouble than before

5. II. Lenin’s USSR
Russia becomes part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) or Soviet Union
Constitution gave ownership of resources and power to the people
In reality the Communist Party controlled everything and Russia was the most powerful Soviet

7. The economy was bad after the wars
Lenin allowed some capitalist elements to encourage production
New Economic Plan (NEP)
Allowed USSR to stabilize, but Lenin felt he’d sold out Communism
He dies suddenly in 1924
Had suggested Trotsky as his successor
But no one listened

9. Ms. Malstrom in Red Square

10. III. Stalin’s USSR
Communists feared that Trotsky was too popular, could become too powerful
Chose Stalin instead
Quiet, but manipulative behind the scenes
Trotsky was forced to flee USSR; was later assassinated in Mexico

11. The Man of Steel

12. Stalin was determined to make the USSR a modern industrial power
Had several Five-Year plans to industry, farm production and transportation
Created a command economy in which the government owned everything and made all decisions
(Opposite of free market economy)

13. Stalin’s policies were brutal, but effective
Stalin’s Goals:
Modernize Russia (Saw Russia as being years behind other European countries)
Develop the perfect communist state
Make the Soviet Union into a power state that would be able to withstand an attack
Stalin’s policies were brutal, but effective
Increased production through force
Eliminated opposition by killing all his enemies in the Great Purge