1. Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin “Joseph Stalin”
18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953

2. Russia as a Communist State
Terror Tactics:
Economic Control
Centralize Government-Communist party controlled the govt. Soviets at local level, district, regional, and republic level. (Council of Ministers of the Supreme Soviet as the executive branch)
Religious Persecution
Ideology – Marxist-Leninist

4. Example of Totalitarianism

5. Stalin became Secretary-General of the Communist Party
Controlled network of local and regional party committees
Knew the inner secretes of the Politburo (11 man committee that governed the USSR)
Crushed Trotsky (expelled)
The 5 Year Plan
Collectivization and Industrialization (mechanization of agriculture)
Eliminated capitalism
Industrialization
National Defense

7. Socialist Realism

9. Eliminate Political Enemies and threats Sent to the Gulag or executed
The Great Purge
Eliminate Political Enemies and threats Sent to the Gulag or executed

10. 1937-39 between 3 and 12 millions sent to the gulag

11. The Great Purge
Dec Stalin’s trusted Deputy Sergei Kirov (Leningrad Party chief) assissinated
1935, 37 & 38 –Old line Bolsheviks were arrested, tried, and executed
Every members of Lenin’s Politburo except Stalin & Stalin were killed or committed suicide
Most of the ambassador were executed
50 of 71 members of the central committee
Military judges who sat in judgment & top generals
Two successive head of the secret police
8 ½ millions arrested
1 million in prison
200,000 executed
By 1939 – 98 of 139 Central Committee Electives in 1934 were shot
1,208 of 1,966 delegates to the 17th Congress arrested
August 23, 1938 – Nazi-Soviet Pact
a. To remain neutral in a war
b. Secret protocol –divide Eastern Europe (Poland)

12. Nazi Soviet Pact or Non-Aggression Pact