1. Communism
on the move
in Asia

2. China

3. In 1921, the ideas of Karl Marx, and the concept of communism found their way into China.

4. Marxism / Communism were very popular amongst college aged students in China who hoped to break from Chinese tradition under which emperors, and the upper class had the power.

5. Chief amongst these students was Li Dazhou who helped form the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1921.

6. In 1927 Chiang Kai-shek and the Guomindang party took control of China.
To accomplish this goal, Chiang allied himself with the Chinese communists who helped him defeat rival warlords.

7. After his forces, with help from the communists, had taken the key port city of Shanghai, Chiang betrayed the communists and moved to crush them.

8. Li, and 18 other influential CCP members were killed.

9. Having taken control, Chiang set up, what came to be, a very corrupt government.
Under his leadership, many government officials were more concerned with getting rich themselves than they were about the needs of the nation as a whole.

10. Remaining communists rallied behind a new leader: Mao Zedong.
Mao believed he had a plan for taking control of China.

11. Mao hoped to seize land from the wealthy and redistribute it to the poorest of the peasants.
He believed this action would tie those peasants to the CCP, which needed support against the government and army of Chiang Kai-shek.

12. This did not sit well with Chiang who doubled his efforts to crush Mao and the communists.

13. In 1937, both Chiang and Mao got a new enemy…..
Japan

14. Chiang and Mao stopped fighting each other and turned their attention to protecting China from further Japanese invasion.

15. After Japan withdrew from China in 1945 both Mao and Chiang prepared for a renewed civil war.
Chiang had an army of over 2 million soldiers. The Communists had about half that. But the Communists had a secret weapon:
Peasants

16. The peasants were tired of the corruption, and high taxes of Chiang Kai Shek’s government and readily fought for the Communist cause.

17. With the beginning of the Cold War in 1946, America took an huge interest in what was going on in China.

18. President Truman gave $2 Billion to Chiang Kai Shek and the capitalist government of China to help stop Mao and the communists.
However, Truman refused to help Chiang by sending in the U.S. Army. Why?

19. As more and more peasants rose up in support of Mao and the communists, Chiang Kai Shek had no choice but to flee. If he remained in China he would surely have been killed.

20. In May, 1949 Chiang fled to the island of Taiwan.

21. On October 1, 1949 Mao Zedong officially announced the creation of the communist People’s Republic of China.

22. What was America’s reaction?

23. Oh
@#&%!!
Why?

24. Truman, and the Democratic Party, were embarrassed
Truman, and the Democratic Party, were embarrassed. How had this happened?
Americans, and members of the Republican party began to demand that someone pay.

25. Korea

26. During World War II, Korea belonged to Japan.

27. As the war drew to a close, both the U. S
As the war drew to a close, both the U.S. and the Soviet Union invaded Korea.
Thus Korea was split at the 38th parallel into a northern Soviet zone, and an American southern zone.

28. Any guess what Stalin did to the northern part of Korea?

29. Capitalism in the South
Just like Germany, Korea was split by capitalism and communism:
Communism in the North
Capitalism in the South

30. Guess what Stalin convinced North Korea to do?
As WWII ended, the U.S. began to withdraw its forces from Korea, so that by June, 1949 only 500 American soldiers remained in South Korea.
Guess what Stalin convinced North Korea to do?

31. On June 25, 1950 the communist North Korean army drove into capitalist South Korea. Their goal was to unite Korea under a communist government.

32. The capitalist government of South Korea turned to the United Nations for help in defending itself against this communist invasion.

33. The U.N. approved a “police action” to be led by the United States to protect South Korea.

34. Under the leadership of Gen Douglas MacArthur, U. N
Under the leadership of Gen Douglas MacArthur, U.N. (US) forces were very successful at driving the North Korean communists back.

35. Just as it appeared that the U. N
Just as it appeared that the U.N. (US) was going to win, communist forces from China invaded and pushed MacArthur’s troops back.

36. MacArthur wanted to take the war to China even going so far as to suggest that Truman order the use of the atomic bomb.

37. Truman refused and after two more years of heavy fighting, both sides agreed to stop fighting in July 1953.
When all was said and done, the U.S. had stopped the spread of communism in Korea.

38. Fin.

39. You now have the information to add a Cold War Encyclopedia entry for:
- Chinese Communist Revolution
- Korean War
Your sheets should include:
- Who, what, when, where, why, how, etc…. for each topic.
- Did this topic increase America’s fear of communism spreading, decrease America’s fear of communism spreading, or do both? Explain!!!
- A full color picture illustrating your understanding of the topic.