1. Energy
Two Forms
& Five Types 1

2. Energy The ability to do work, to apply a force and move an object.
Ex: John lifted his injured friend and carried him to the car.
Non-Ex: Bill pushed against the brick wall form one minute to exercise. (no motion = no work) 2

3. Energy The total amount of energy in the Universe is a constant.
Energy is like matter, Energy can’t be created or destroyed by ordinary means.

4. Energy Energy travels in waves.
The type of wave depends on the energy type. There are three types of waves.
The speed of the wave depends on the media (material) it is traveling through.
The denser the media – the faster the wave moves.

5. Energy There are five types of Energy that can be found in two forms.
Each of the five types of Energy can be converted into the other types.
When Energy is converted, some energy is lost in the form of heat. 5

6. Energy - Two Forms: Potential - Stored energy, energy of position.
Ex: batteries, food, a rock sitting on top of a cliff
Kinetic - Energy in use or motion.
Ex: A running motor, a running student 6

7. Energy - Heat The Energy of moving molecules or atoms.
Measured in degrees of temperature.
Metric scale - Celsius
0 = Freezing, 100 = Boiling
273 = Absolute Zero, no atomic motion 7

8. Energy - Chemical
The Energy of bonds, stored in the electrons between the atoms of molecules.
Fuel Molecules have lots of high energy bonds.
Carbohydrates are food fuel molecules.
Fats & Oils are food storage molecules. 8

9. Energy - Mechanical The energy of moving objects.
When animals move, they convert chemical energy into mechanical energy in their muscle cells. This Chemical Reaction is Cellular Respiration (burn sugar w/ catalyst - mitochrondia).
Ex: riding a bike, eating, talking, playing any sport 9

10. Energy - Electromagnetic
Energy of light, electricity, magnetism.
EM is a spectrum of frequencies.
Ex: radar, radio, cell phones, microwaves, x-rays, radioactivity, light’s colors of rainbow, batteries, AC household electricity, magnets in motors & generators, etc. 10

11. Energy - Nuclear Energy of Radioactivity.
Atoms with extra neutrons are Isotopes.
When the “extra” neutrons decay, Energy is released.
Ex: Atomic bombs release their Energy very fast.
Nuclear Reactors control this release, the heat energy is used to generate electricity. 11

12. Energy - Nuclear The Sun & Stars use Fusion.
Fusion - combining small nuclei into larger atoms under great pressure (Gravity) and heat(Fusion).
Fusion - releases the light (EM) and heat that life on our Earth depends on. 12

13. Energy Conversions - Sun to Us
Nuclear - fusion of Hydrogen into Helium releases Light (EM) & Heat energy.
EM - Light travels through the vacuum of space in waves.
EM - hits green plants, photosynthesis in Chloroplasts converts into Chemical Energy (sugar). 13

14. Energy Conversions - Sun to Us
Plants are eaten by us or eaten by animals, which are eaten by us.
Chemical Energy (food) converted by digestion and cellular respiration (mitochondria) into Mechanical Energy (movement), EM (electrical) nervous system, and Heat Energy (98.6). 14

15. Energy Conversions - Earth to Space
When we use any energy source, Fossil Fuels (chemical), Nuclear, Solar (EM) , Wind & Hydroelectric (Mechanical), Bio- fuels (chemical) the energy eventually gets converted into Heat energy.
The Heat energy rises from the Earth and radiates into space.
The energy still exists, it’s just lost to us. 15

16. Energy
Two Forms
& Five Types 16