1. WinTR-55 Modeling Multiple Sub-area Watersheds
WinTR-55 Development Team

2. Sub-Area and Reach Concepts

3. Sub-area/Reach ConceptsD C B E
Watershed - system of sub-areas and reaches
Sub-areas - watersheds that generate runoff
Reaches - represent watershed flow paths (stream channels) or structures
Reach 1c
Reach 2e
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4. Sub-area/Reach Concepts
Watershed - system of sub-areas and reaches
Sub-areas - generate runoff
feed into the upstream end of reaches
Reaches or Routing Elements- represent watershed stream flow paths or structures
Channel Routing elements - Stream Reaches
Structure Routing elements - Reservoir/Structure Reaches
Watershed Outlet - downstream end of the watershed (required for all watersheds)
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5. Reach 1a (storage routing)
Schematics
Sub-area A
Reach 1a (storage routing)
Sub-area B
Sub-area C
Reach 2c
(Reach Routing)
Legend:
Storage Area
Sub-Area Inflow Points
Outlet
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6. Data Requirements Identification Data - User, State, and County
Dimensionless Unit Hydrograph
Storm Data – for specific County/State
Sub-area Data - Name, flows to reach/outlet, area, runoff curve number, & time of concentration
Reach Data -Name, receiving reach/outlet, reach length, Manning’s “n”, friction slope, bottom width, average side slopes
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7. Adding Sub-areas

8. Adding Sub-areas
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9. Adding Stream Reaches and Developing Stream Reach Data

10. Adding Stream Reaches WinTR-55 Main Window Reach Data Window
Reach Flow Path Window
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11. Watershed Schematic 12/6/2018 TR-55 Tutorial Upper Main County Road
Upper West
Upper East
Middle Main
Lower West
Lower East
MainStem1
WestReach
EastReach
Lower Main
MainStem2
Outlet
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12. WinTR-55 Main Window
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13. Adding Stream Reaches WinTR-55 Main Window Reach Data Window
Reach Flow Path Window
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14. Stream Reach Data Data compiled prior to input: Reach Name
Name of receiving (or downstream) reach (could be Outlet)
Cross-section data:
Manning’s “n”
Friction slope
Bottom Width
Average side slopes
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15. Reach Data Window
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16. Reach Data Window
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17. Plotted Channel Rating
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18. Computing Stream Reach Ratings
Manning’s Equation for Channel Flow:
Q = discharge (cu ft/s) r = hydraulic radius = A/pw
A = cross-sectional flow area (sq ft) pw = wetted perimeter (ft)
s = slope of hydraulic grade line (channel slope, ft/ft)
n = Manning’s roughness coefficient for open channel flow
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19. Trapezoidal Cross-Section1 z BW TW D
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20. Reach Data Window
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21. Adding Stream Reaches WinTR-55 Main Window Reach Data Window
Reach Flow Path Window
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22. Reach Flow Path Window
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23. Capabilities & Limitations
Number of sub-areas
Number of reaches
Types of reaches Channel or Structure
Channel Reach
Routing Procedure Muskingum-Cunge
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24. Sub-area and Reach Concepts
Modeling Watersheds with Structures
Sub-area and Reach Concepts

25. Sub-area / Reach Concepts
Watershed - system of sub-areas and reaches
Sub-areas - watersheds that generate runoff
Reaches - represent watershed flow paths (stream channels) or structures
Sub-area A N
Stream Reach 2c
Stream Reach 1b
Outlet
Structure Reach Pond
Sub-area B
Sub-area C
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TR-55 Tutorial

26. Sub-area/Reach Concepts
Watershed - system of sub-areas and reaches
Sub-areas - generate runoff
feed into the upstream end of reaches
Reaches or Routing Elements- represent watershed stream flow paths or structures
Channel Routing elements - Stream Reaches
Structure Routing elements - Reservoir/Structure Reaches
Watershed Outlet - downstream end of the watershed (required for all watersheds)
12/6/2018
TR-55 Tutorial

27. Reach 1a (storage routing)
Schematics
Sub-area A
Reach 1a (storage routing)
Sub-area B
Sub-area C
Reach 2c
(Reach Routing)
Legend:
Storage Area
Sub-Area Inflow Points
Outlet
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28. Adding Structure Reaches and Developing Structure Data

29. Adding Structure Reaches
WinTR-55 Main Window
Reach Data Window
Structure Data Window
Reach Flow Path Window
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30. WinTR-55 Main Window
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31. Adding Structure Reaches
WinTR-55 Main Window
Reach Data Window
Structure Data Window
Reach Flow Path Window
Next, proceed to the Reach Data Window where you will specify the name of the structure reach and the name of the structure itself.
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32. Reach Data Window
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33. Reach and Structure could be the same Name.
Naming Reaches
Reach and Structure could be the same Name.
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34. Adding Structure Reaches
WinTR-55 Main Window
Reach Data Window
Structure Data Window
Reach Flow Path Window
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35. Structure Data Window
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36. Spillway Types
Pipe
Weir

37. Pipe Spillway
To specify a pipe spillway, click the radio button  for Pipe under Spillway Type.
The pipe spillway is the default, so when you open the Structure Data Window it will open to a pipe spillway configuration.
 When specifying a pipe spillway, you may enter up to three different pipe diameters to test. The program will make as many runs through the data as pipe trial sizes are indicated. If you enter three pipe diameters the program will use the Trial #1 pipe diameter for the first run through, the Trial #2 pipe diameter for the second run, and the Trial #3 pipe diameter for the third run. This will be done for each storm event indicated, however the program will make no more than 3 runs for each storm even if multiple structures are included. In the event there are 2 or more structures in the watershed, all the Trial #1’s are run together, then all the Trial #2’s and then all the Trial #3’s.
 You must also specify a Height from the pipe invert at the outlet end of the pipe to the spillway. You’ll see more clearly in the next illustrations how that is defined. One thing to keep in mind though is that this height must be at least ½ times the pipe diameter or greater. So, in the example of a 48” pipe diameter, a height from pipe invert at outlet to spillway crest elevation of no less than 2 feet could be specified. This is because of the way the program does the pipe flow computations we’ll look at in a moment.
One thing to notice here is that the pipe diameter is specified in inches, while the height from the pipe invert at outlet to the principal spillway crest is in feet. In the case of SI units, the values are in units of millimeters and meters, respectively.
 Once sufficient data is entered for the pipe diameter and height from the pipe invert at outlet to the spillway crest, WinTR-55 automatically computes a pipe flow rating for the structure.
Pay attention to the note in red that says “Orifice Flow Assumed.” We’ll talk about that in just a moment.
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38. Straight Pipe
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39. Drop Inlet Pipe
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40. Pipe Flow Equations where: g = gravity cd =0.6 Height, feet
Headpipe,feet
Stage, feet
Dpipe ,inches
Apipe,square feet
Flowpipe,cfs
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41. Pipe Flow Assumptions
Short-tube approximation – assumes orifice flow through the pipe at all stages
Reasonable for drop inlet configuration
May be unreasonable for large straight pipes
If not appropriate, use other routing models
SITES
WinTR-20
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42. Pipe Flow Assumptions
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43. Spillway Types
Pipe
Weir

44. Weir Spillway
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45. Weir Configuration
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46. Weir Flow Equations Stage, feet Flowweir, cfs
where: Lweir = weir length, feet
Stage, feet
Flowweir, cfs
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47. Weir Flow Assumptions
Entry of a zero weir length indicates a 90° v-notch weir
Other entry for weir length indicates a rectangular – having vertical sides - broad-crested weir
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48. Plotting Structure Ratings
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49. Structure Reach Routing

50. Storage-Indication Routing Method
Estimates how the hydrograph changes as it flows through a structure
DStorage = (inflow - outflow) * Dt
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51. Structure Reach Routing
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52. Structure Routing Plot
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53. Adding Structure Reaches
WinTR-55 Main Window
Reach Data Window
Structure Data Window
Reach Flow Path Window
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54. Reach Flow Path
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55. Capabilities & Limitations
Structure Routing Storage-Indication
Structure Types Pipe or Weir
Structure Trial Sizes 1-3
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56. WinTR-55 Web Site Download latest WinTR-55 version Update notes
Update notes
WinTR-55 User Manual
WinTR-55 Support Team address
ug-orportlan-4-TR55
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57. Development Team Claudia Hoeft NRCS, Washington DC
Laurel Foreman NRCS, Iowa
William Merkel NRCS-WNTSC, Maryland
Helen Fox Moody NRCS-WNTSC, Maryland
Quan D. Quan NRCS-WNTSC, Maryland
Ralph Roberts ARS, Maryland
John McClung NRCS-NWMC, Arkansas
Al McNeill NRCS, South Carolina
Jolyne Lee NRCS-NWCC, Oregon
Don Woodward NRCS-retired
Jon Werner NRCS-retired
Roger Cronshey NRCS-retired
12/6/2018
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