1. Who are they?
Ch. 1

2. What do you call them? What they called themselves:
What European Explorers called them:
Haudenosaunee
Iroquois
Nehiyawak [Nay-hi-uh-wuk]
Cree
Wendat [Wah-n-dot]
Huron
Mi’kmaq
Micmac
Anishinabe
Had many tribes - Ojibwe, Chippewa, Mississauga, Bungi and Saulteaux

3. Types of Aboriginals
First Nations -first people of the land in North America, along with the Inuit
1970s - replaced the words “Indian” and “Band”
Inuit - many different peoples that live in coastal regions, the Arctic, and Greenland
Metis - mixed blood of a child of an Aboriginal mother and a European father

4. Your turn!
Using your textbook and the rest of this PowerPoint (on weebly) compare and contrast the, Haudenosaunee, Mi’kmaq, and Anishinabe

5. Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Location: Modern day - Nova Scotia
Prince Edward Island (PEI)
New Brunswick
Gaspe Peninsula, Quebec

6. Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Hunter-Gathers:
-They got food by hunting, fishing, and gathering food
- They felt close to Earth “Mother Earth”
- the creator “Kisulk” made humans equal to nature
- they treated all living and nonliving things with respect

7. Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Housing:
Clans - small villages of extended family
Since they were family they shared food and co-operated with each other
They shared their food and resources
Each clan was given specific land to hunt, fish, and live on

8. Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Government:
Grand Council (7 Chiefs) -> Elders & Local Chiefs -> the people
Leaders did not tell the people what to do
Leaders helped the people reach an agreement
Everyone was listened to
The issue was discussed
A consensus was taken - a majority had to agree

9. Mi’kmaq- Micmac Tribe Role of Women: Women were important!
They hunted small animals and gathered food
Cooked, took care of the children
Participated in government

10. The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois
Who are they?
Six different First Nations Tribes
Mohawk
Oneida [oh-NY-duh]
Cayuga [kay-OO-guh]
Seneca [SEN-uh-kuh]
Tuscarora [TUS-kuh-ror-ruh]

11. The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois
Common Beliefs:
For everyone to understand what is going on
Remember future generations -> take care of the earth
Make decisions by consensus (vote)
Sharing the labour and the benefits (food, housing, medicine, clothes)
They shared everything!
Duty to the family and the “Iroquois Confederacy”
Equality in gender and age

12. The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois
Location:
South or North of the St. Lawrence river along and lake Ontario
Language: Algonquin
Game: Lacrosse
- Start at and watch from 3 min-4:08 min

13. The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois
Housing:
Long houses
With entire family
Many generations in one house
Each family had their own animal symbol
A few families would share a house
This could be up to 100 people!!

14. The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois
The original farmers:
They hunted and fished
The Three Sisters
Corn, beans, and squash
Always planted together
Grew many crops
After the harvest the women handed it out to everyone - starting with the children, elders, women, then finally men

15. The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois
Government: The Iroquois Confederacy
An alliance between the tribes
Decisions by voting

16. The Haudenosaunee or also known as the Iroquois
Role of Women:
Women were the head of the family Clan
When you get married you go to live with the wife’s family
Well respected
Chose the location of a new village
Decided what to farm and where
To make war or peace
Immigration
Main role in ceremonies
Helped troubled people and children

17. The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe
View on life:
Wisdom - gain knowledge
Love - to know peace
Respect - to honour creation
Anishinabe means “the people”

18. The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe
Housing:
teepees made out of Wooden poles and wrapped in birchbark

19. The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe
Location:
Great Lakes Region

20. The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe
Government:
Each village was a different family (clan)
They looked after their own affairs
Each clan had two leaders
Loon - looked after matter in the community
Crane - dealt with things outside the community between different clans
Both worked together

21. The Anishinabe Tribe - the Ojibwe
Role of Women:
Were considered equal to men
Very important as they took care of the children, the house, worked in the fields/hunted and gathered