1. Colonial Slavery,

2. I. Northern Non-Plantation Slavery
Slavery there was relatively mild. Few northern whites owned slaves ➢ 1.0% of New Hampshire ➢ 1.8% of Massachusetts ➢ 2.4% of Pennsylvania ➢ 3.1% of Connecticut ➢ 6.5% of Rhode Island ➢ 7.0% of New Jersey ➢ 11.7% of New York

3. Northern slaves Task oriented Worked on small farm
Lots of interaction with whites; rarely mixed with other blacks
Fast rate of acculturation
Spoke English
Wore English-style clothing,
Worshiped in a Christian church.
Lived in relative freedom

4. First slaves arrive via Caribbean
A generation removed from Africa
Familiar with European ways

5. After 1730s, Slaves come directly from Africa
Upper Guinea
Lower Guinea
The Congo\Angola region
Bring “African” traditions

6. II. Chesapeake Bay Plantation Slavery
Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware
At first, just like the North
Arrive via the Caribbean
Frequent contact with whites.
Acculturation rates were similar

7. Sawbuck Equality Slaves worked side-by-side with their masters
Term coined by Historian Ira Berlin
Slaves have some autonomy

8. 1720 -1783 – More slaves arrive in Chesapeake
1783: One million Africans in the US
More than ½ of all slaves lived in Virginia

9. Slave codes Used to control and maintain a growing population.
Prohibiting them from carrying firearms
Prohibiting them from leaving home without a pass.
Laws made it more difficult to set slaves free.
Laws mandating several corporal punishment for slaves

10. III. Low Country Plantation Slavery
South Carolina and Georgia
Frontier stage
Sawbuck equality
Rice

11. Black Majority in South Carolina
By 1720, blacks make up 70% of South Carolina
Rural slaves remained very “African.”
Gullah
Slave reconstitute West African society
Creoles – Africanized Americans