1. Higher elevations of coastal forest
Douglas-fir (seral); W Hemlock, W. Redcedar, Noble Fir (often climax)
Mountain Hemlock, Subalpine Fir, Lodgepole Pine at higher elevations

3. Interior Highlands (incl. E. slope Cascades, W
Interior Highlands (incl. E. slope Cascades, W. Rockies, parts of Blue Mtns.)
Grand Fir and Douglas-fir dominant in more humid higher elevations
Ponderosa Pine (often climax, fire resistant) and Junipers in lower elevations

4. Website on Pines http://oregonstate.edu/trees/con/spp/pinespp.html
not required reading

5. Columbia-Snake Basalt Plateau
Drier areas (<10” precip.) in sagebrush
Marsh grasses, shrubs along sloughs, lakes; wetter parts in bunch grass, flowering plants
Not-so-dry woodland and forest
Western Juniper of Central OR
Ponderosa Pine, Douglas-fir in areas>15” precip.

6. Transect from Columbia Plateau to Rocky Mountains
Tri Cities feet above sea level
Ritzville: ~1700’
Ecotone zone (near Sprague Lake)
Spokane
Northern Idaho