1. Invasion Problems in the Middle Ages
Background: Invasions by the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings disrupted the social, economic, and political order of Europe. They also destroyed the empire set up by Charlemagne.

3. Areas of Settlement:
Angles and Saxons – moved from Continental Europe to England
Magyars – moved from Central Asia to Hungary
Vikings – moved from Scandinavia to Russia

4. Angles & Saxons

5. Magyars

7. Cultural Characteristics of the Vikings:
1. They worshipped warlike gods
2. Seafaring people – always on the water to find new sources for food

10. Cultural Characteristics of the Vikings:
3. Leif Ericson – actually landed on North America around 1000
4. Eventually adopted Christianity stopped looting monasteries

12. Cultural Characteristics of the Magyars:
1. Nomadic people from the East
2. They were excellent horseback riders

14. Cultural Characteristics of the Magyars:
3. Their goal was to capture people to be sold as slaves, NOT land
4. Attacked isolated villages and monasteries

15. Influence and Impact of Invasions of Western Europe
1. Immediate Impact – disruption of trade and decline of towns
2. Long-term Impact – fear of invasion let to people seeking protections from local lords in and around their castles/manors, which ultimately strengthened feudalism

17. Effects of the Mongol invasions:
1. Invaded Russia, Southwest Asia and China
2. Destroyed cities and countryside
3. Created an Empire

18. Effects of the Ottoman invasions of Europe:
1. Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453, ending the Byzantine Empire 2. Constantinople became capital of Ottoman Empire 3. Ottoman Turks were Muslim – represented the spreading of Islam