1. THE HIGH AND LATE MIDDLE AGES
Chapter 14
THE HIGH AND LATE MIDDLE AGES

2. Monarchs, nobles and the church
Nobles and the Church had far more power – land
Battle of Hastings – William vs. Harold
English kings – Christmas day, 1066
William, Duke of Normandy

3. William the Conqueror Now the king of England, too Monitored his lands
Domesday Book
Royal exchequer

4. Domesday Book
Census for tax purposes

5. Henry II Inherited the throne
Traveling justices – what does this sound like?
Common law – legal system based on custom and court rulings
Jury – group of men sworn to speak the truth

6. Henry II Wanted to try clergy in royal courts Thomas Becket says no
Assassinated by four knights

7. King john Son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine
Lost lands in Anjou and Normandy
Archbishop of Canterbury issue
Innocent III excommunicated him, interdict

8. King john 1215 – Magna Carta Due process of law habeas corpus
Great Council - Parliament

9. France!!! Hugh Capet – Capetians for 300 years!! 987
Thought he was weak
Played nobles against each other

10. Philip augustus
Gained powers and land
Albigensians

11. Louis IX 1226 Persecuted heretics Two crusades
Traveling justices, ended serfdom, heard cases, became a saint in the church

12. Philiip IV Tried to collect taxes from the clergy
Pope Boniface VIII says “God has set popes over kings and kingdoms”
Philip sends troops to arrest the pope

13. The great schism Pope escapes but dies shortly after
Benedict XI dies after eight months
Clement V, a Frenchmen, is elected
Four years later, moves the papal court to Avignon – Why?

14. The great schism A new pope is elected in Rome
NOW THERE ARE TWO POPES!!!!!

15. Holy roman empire Germany to Italy Otto I becomes the King of Germany
Otto defeats rebellious nobles of the pope so he crowned him “holy”

16. Henry IV and Gregory VII
Gregory made many reforms – including banning lay investiture
Lay investiture – lay person “invested” bishops with the ring and staff that symbolized their office.
HRE Henry IV is not happy

17. Excommunication 1076 Henry is excommunicated Henry repented
Crushed undermining nobles
Sent pope into exile

18. Concordat of worms
1122
Church has the sole power to elect and invest bishops and the emperor could give them fiefs

19. Frederick I “frederick barbarossa”
“Red Beard”
Tried to unite Italy with the HRE