1. The Northern Renaissance

2. The Northern Renaissance Begins
Hundred Years War ended in 1453
cities grew, merchants wealthy enough to sponsor art
France and England were united under strong monarchs-rulers sponsored artists
As renaissance ideas spread they mixed with northern traditions, developed its own character:
Realism
social reform

3. Albrecht Durer: “The Knight Death and the Devil”

4. Hans Holbein the Younger: “Portrait of Henry VIII 1540”

5. Jan van Eyck: The Madonna of Chancellor Rolin

6. Pieter Bruegel the Elder: The Peasant Wedding

7. Northern Writers Try to Reform Society
Northern Humanists were critical of the Christian church
started Christian Humanism-focus on reform of society

8. Northern Writers Try to Reform Society
Desiderius Erasmus of Holland wrote The Praise of Folly in 1509
Thomas More of England wrote Utopia in 1516, described ideal place

9. The Elizabethan Age
Mid-1500s Renaissance spread to England, known as Elizabethan Age
Most famous writer was William Shakespeare

10. Printing Spreads Renaissance Ideas
1440 Johann Gutenberg developed a printing press
bible in 1455-first full-sized book printed with moveable type
For first time books were cheap enough that people could buy them

11. Legacies of the Renaissance?
Changes in the Arts
Artists used techniques and styles of classical G&R
Portrayed individuals and nature more realistically
Secular and religious works
Writers used vernacular
Arts praised individual achievement

12. Legacies continued Changes in Society
Printing press allowed more info to be available cheaply
More books increased desire to learn, rise in literacy
Published accounts of new discoveries, maps, and charts led to more discoveries
Published legal proceedings made law clear, ppl understood their rights
Christian humanists attempts to reform society changed views on how life should be lived
Ppl started questioning political structures and religious practices