1. Urinary system

5. the kidney

6. The kidney Medulla consists of 6 - 18 renal pyramids in humans
Hilum – concavity where blood vessels enter/exit and renal pelvis exits

7. the kidney
Renal pyramids come to a point at the papilla which funnels urine into the minor calyx
2 or 3 minor calyces merge into 1 major calyces
Major calyces merge into the renal pelvis

8. Nitrogenous waste
Protein metabolism results in the production of ammonia, which is very toxic
The liver quickly converts ammonia to urea, which is still toxic but not as toxic as ammonia

9. Functions of the Kidneys
Filter blood plasma, separate wastes (urea), return useful materials to the blood, and eliminate the wastes
If nitrogenous waste not eliminated, results in diarrhea, vomiting, cardiac arrhythmia, convulsions, coma, and death

10. Functions of the Kidneys
Maintaining homeostasis
Regulate blood volume and osmolarity (concentration of solutes)
Regulate blood pressure
Regulate blood pH