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Published byΙσίδωρα Πυλαρινός Modified over 6 years ago
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Waves Physics Mr. Berman Greece 2005, North Aegean Sea
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Waves and their characteristics
Velocity of a wave Types of waves
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Oscillation Object moves back and forth about an equilibrium position.
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Pulse: A single disturbance travelling through a medium.
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Wave Train (Travelling Wave or simply wave):
A series of pulses at regular intervals.
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Wave on a String (Applet)
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Graph of Displacement vs Time
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Displacement vs Distance Traveled
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Speed of a Wave, v v= d/t v = l/T v =lf
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Types of Waves Transverse Longitudinal
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Transverse (ex: waves along a string, electromagnetic waves).
The particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave's propagation (ex: waves along a string, electromagnetic waves).
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Example: S Earthquake Wave
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Longitudinal Waves The particle displacement is parallel to the direction of wave propagation (ex: sound)
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Torsional Waves Video link on Web : Collapse of Takoma Narrows Bridge, Washington State, 1940
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Elliptical Waves Result when longitudinal and transverse waves are superpositioned. (ex: surface water waves)
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Ocean Wave
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Ocean Wave
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Note Waves transfer of energy from one point to another.
Waves do not transfer matter.
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Types of Waves Mechanical Waves Electromagnetic Waves
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Mechanical Waves require a medium.
Examples: Water waves( Tsunami) Sound waves (v= 340 m/sec in air but varies for different media) Earthquake waves
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Electromagnetic Waves do not require a medium and can travel through the empty space (vacuum).
Example: Light from the sun travels through space and reaches us. Note: All EM waves have a speed through vacuum of 3 x 108 m/sec.
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Problem 1 What is the distance a sound wave in air traveled in 2 sec? Answer: 680m/s
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Problem 2 What is the frequency of a light wave of wave length 550x 10-9 m? Answer: 5.5 x Hz
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Problem 3 A SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) sends a signal to the bottom of the ocean. The speed of sound in water is 1435 m/s. If the signal echo returned in 0.4 sec, how deep was the water? Answer: 287m
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