1. Hockenbury & Hockenbury Psychology 6e Worth Publishers (2013)
Step Up To: Psychology John J. Schulte, Psy.D. & Jason S. Spiegelman, M.A., ABD
Hockenbury & Hockenbury
Psychology 6e
Worth Publishers (2013)

2. Chapter 9: Lifespan Development
Cognitive Development
Prenatal Development, Infancy, and Childhood
Adolescence
Genetic Contributions to Your Life Story
Adult Development, Dying, and Death

3. Genetic Contributions to Your Life Story
500
400
300
200
100

4. Prenatal Development, Infancy, and Childhood
500
400
300
200
100

5. Cognitive Development
500
400
300
200
100

6. Adolescence
500
400
300
200
100

7. Adult Development, Dying, and Death
500
400
300
200
100

8. 1. A single human zygote has :
A) 23 pairs of chromosomes.
B) 46 pairs of chromosomes.
C) 23 genes.
D) 46 genes.

9. 2. What is the correct order of the periods of prenatal development?
A) embryonic, germinal, placental
B) germinal, embryonic, fetal
C) fertile, fetal, terminal
D) zygotic, genetic, phenotypic

10. 3. Although all human beings have the same basic set of genes, these genes can come in different versions, called:
A) phenotypes.
B) genotypes.
C) alleles.
D) mutations.

11. Teratogens are: A) recessive genes that result in genetic mutations.
B) microorganisms that can accelerate normal development.
C) alleles that react negatively to the environment.
D) harmful agents that can cause malformations or defects in an embryo or fetus.

12. 5. Pregnant women often get very excited by the experience of quickening. To what event does this term refer?
A) the arrival of mother’s milk prior to a baby’s birth
B) the end of morning-sickness
C) the increase in nesting impulses as the pregnancy nears an end
D) feeling the fetus moving

13. 6. Touching a newborn’s cheek can cause it to turn its head toward the source of the touch and open its mouth. This is called the ____ reflex.
A) rooting
B) suckling
C) grasping
D) nuzzling

14. 7. Which of the following is not one of the infantile temperament styles theorized by Chess and Thomas?
A) the easy baby
B) the slow-to-warm-up baby
C) the difficult baby
D) the insecure baby

15. 8. Which of the following statements is true regarding the sleeping arrangements of different families?
A) Various societies show major differences in sleeping arrangements.
B) Like the USA, most societies teach children to sleep alone as early as possible.
C) Only financially impoverished societies promote co-sleeping.
D) Only countries that are very cold promote co-sleeping to share warmth.

16. 9. An insecurely attached infant is:
A) more likely to explore the environment regardless of who is present.
B) less likely to explore the environment, except when the mother is present.
C) less likely to explore the environment, even when the mother is present.
D) is more strongly attached to his/her parent.

17. 10. By the time a child reaches 3 years of age (s)he will have learned approximately ______ different words as well as the complex rules of language.
A) 250
B) 1500
C) 3000
D) 4500

18. 11. Many children fail to understand that their view the world differs from others’ perspectives. This is a cognitive limitation called:
A) operationality.
B) irreversibility.
C) selfishness.
D) egocentrism.

19. 12. Object permanence is a cognitive skill that is usually achieved by the end of the _________ stage.
A) sensorimotor
B) preoperational
C) concrete operational
D) formal operational

20. 13. According to Lev Vygotsky the zone of proximal development is:
A) the test of object permanence in babies.
B) the gap between what children can accomplish on their own and what they can accomplish with assistance.
C) the intermediary stage between concrete and formal operational stages.
D) the reaction to the Strange Situation.

21. 14. Which of the following skills is not considered a limitation of preoperational thought in Piaget’s theory?
A) irreversibility
B) centration
C) symbolic thought
D) egocentrism

22. 15. Which of the following is not a major criticism of the theories of Jean Piaget?
A) Piaget overestimated the similarities in attachment styles of children from different cultures.
B) Piaget underestimated the impact of social and cultural environment on cognitive development.
C) Piaget underestimated the cognitive abilities of infants and young children.
D) Piaget overestimated the degree to which people attain formal operational thinking.

23. 16. According to Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development, adolescents must deal with the psychosocial conflict of:
A) intimacy vs. isolation.
B) identity vs. role confusion.
C) industry vs. inferiority.
D) initiative vs. guilt.

24. 17. Due to changes in health and nutrition over the past 150 years, the average age of menarche in the United States has changed from:
A) 17 years to 12 ½ years.
B) 18 years to 15 years.
C) 16 years to 14 ½ years.
D) 16 years to 11 years.

25. 18. Which of the following is an example of development of a primary sex characteristic?
A) breast development
B) growth of the uterus or testicles
C) changes in height and/or weight
D) development of body hair

26. 19. According to research approximately _____ percent of 12-year old adolescents reported having had a “special romantic relationship” at some point in their lives.
A) 25
B) 10
C) 5
D) less than 2

27. 20. Which of the following best summarizes the existing research into conflict between parents and adolescents?
A) Parent-adolescent conflict is common in families from different cultures.
B) Collectivist cultures have virtually no parent-adolescent conflict.
C) European and American families have the least parent-adolescent conflict.
D) Parent-adolescent conflict is most common in families with an only-child.

28. 21. Menopause - the cessation of menstruation and the end of reproductive capacity in women - can occur anywhere from:
A) the early 40s to the late 50s. B) the late 30s to the early 50s.
C) the early 50s to the late 60s.
D) the late 40s to the early 60s.

29. 22. Which of the following is the best acronym for Kübler-Ross’s five stages of dying?
A) OCEAN
B) DABDA
C) COLOR
D) MARFO

30. 23. In the U.S. most adults over the age of 65:
A) live in nursing homes.
B) live with relatives.
C) live in their own homes.
D) live in senior citizen communities.

31. 24. According to the activity theory of aging:
A) activity has a gradual decline in late adulthood.
B) activity level declines with a decline in life satisfaction.
C) activity remains higher in married couples.
D) life satisfaction is highest when you maintain your previous level of activity.

32. 25. The most recommended parenting style - in which parents set clear standards for their children’s behavior but are also responsive to their children’s wishes- is:
A) permissive parenting.
B) authoritarian parenting.
C) authoritative parenting.
D) induction parenting.

33. Congratulations!

34. Answers
Stop here, or continue as a review

35. 1. A single human zygote has:
A) 23 pairs of chromosomes.
B) 46 pairs of chromosomes.
C) 23 genes.
D) 46 genes.

36. 2. What is the correct order of the periods of prenatal development?
A) embryonic, germinal, placental
B) germinal, embryonic, fetal
C) zygotic, genetic, phenotypic
D) fertile, fetal, terminal

37. 3. Although all human beings have the same basic set of genes, these genes can come in different versions, called:
A) phenotypes.
B) genotypes.
C) alleles.
D) mutations.

38. Teratogens are: A) recessive genes that result in genetic mutations.
B) microorganisms that can accelerate normal development.
C) alleles that react negatively to the environment.
D) harmful agents that can cause malformations or defects in an embryo or fetus.

39. 5. Pregnant women often get very excited by the experience of quickening. To what event does this term refer?
A) the arrival of mother’s milk prior to a baby’s birth
B) the end of morning-sickness
C) the increase in nesting impulses as the pregnancy nears an end
D) feeling the fetus moving

40. 6. Touching a newborn’s cheek can cause it to turn its head toward the source of the touch and open its mouth. This is called the ____ reflex.
A) rooting
B) suckling
C) grasping
D) nuzzling

41. 7. Which of the following is not one of the infantile temperament styles theorized by Chess and Thomas?
A) the easy baby
B) the slow-to-warm-up baby
C) the difficult baby
D) the insecure baby

42. 8. Which of the following statements is true regarding the sleeping arrangements of different families?
A) Various societies show major differences in sleeping arrangements.
B) Like the USA, most societies teach children to sleep alone as early as possible.
C) Only financially impoverished societies promote co-sleeping.
D) Only countries that are very cold promote co-sleeping to share warmth.

43. 9. An insecurely attached infant is:
A) more likely to explore the environment regardless of who is present.
B) less likely to explore the environment, except when the mother is present.
C) less likely to explore the environment, even when the mother is present.
D) is more strongly attached to his/her parent.

44. 10. By the time a child reaches 3 years of age, (s)he will have learned approximately ______ different words as well as the complex rules of language.
A) 250
B) 1500
C) 3000
D) 4500

45. 11. Many children fail to understand that their view the world differs from others’ perspectives. This is a cognitive limitation called:
A) operationality.
B) irreversibility.
C) selfishness.
D) egocentrism.

46. 12. Object permanence is a cognitive skill that is usually achieved by the end of the _________ stage.
A) sensorimotor
B) preoperational
C) concrete operational
D) formal operational

47. 13. According to Lev Vygotsky, the zone of proximal development is:
A) the test of object permanence in babies.
B) the gap between what children can accomplish on their own and what they can accomplish with assistance.
C) the intermediary stage between concrete and formal operational stages.
D) the reaction to the Strange Situation.

48. 14. Which of the following skills is not considered a limitation of preoperational thought in Piaget’s theory?
A) irreversibility
B) centration
C) symbolic thought
D) egocentrism

49. 15. Which of the following is not a major criticism of the theories of Jean Piaget?
A) Piaget overestimated the similarities in attachment styles of children from different cultures.
B) Piaget underestimated the impact of social and cultural environment on cognitive development.
C) Piaget underestimated the cognitive abilities of infants and young children.
D) Piaget overestimated the degree to which people attain formal operational thinking.

50. 16. According to Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development, adolescents must deal with the psychosocial conflict of:
A) intimacy vs. isolation.
B) identity vs. role confusion.
C) industry vs. inferiority.
D) initiative vs. guilt.

51. 17. Due to changes in health and nutrition over the past 150 years, the average age of menarche in the United States has changed from:
A) 17 years to 12 ½ years.
B) 18 years to 15 years.
C) 16 years to 14 ½ years.
D) 16 years to 11 years.

52. 18. Which of the following is an example of development of a primary sex characteristic?
A) breast development
B) growth of the uterus or testicles
C) changes in height and/or weight
D) development of body hair

53. 19. According to research, approximately _____ percent of 12-year old adolescents reported having had a “special romantic relationship” at some point in their lives.
A) 25
B) 10
C) 5
D) less than 2

54. 20. Which of the following best summarizes the existing research into conflict between parents and adolescents?
A) Parent-adolescent conflict is common in families from different cultures.
B) Collectivist cultures have virtually no parent-adolescent conflict.
C) European and American families have the least parent-adolescent conflict.
D) Parent-adolescent conflict is most common in families with an only-child.

55. 21. Menopause, the cessation of menstruation and the end of reproductive capacity in women, can occur anywhere from:
A) the early 40s to the late 50s.
B) the late 30s to the early 50s.
C) the early 50s to the late 60s.
D) the late 40s to the early 60s.

56. 22. Which of the following is the best acronym for Kübler-Ross’s five stages of dying?
A) OCEAN
B) DABDA
C) COLOR
D) MARFO

57. 23. In the U.S., most adults over the age of 65:
A) live in nursing homes.
B) live with relatives.
C) live in their own homes.
D) live in senior citizen communities.

58. 24. According to the activity theory of aging:
A) activity has a gradual decline in late adulthood.
B) activity level declines with a decline in life satisfaction.
C) activity remains higher in married couples.
D) life satisfaction is highest when you maintain your previous level of activity.

59. 25. The most recommended parenting style, in which parents set clear standards for their children’s behavior but are also responsive to their children’s wishes, is:
A) permissive parenting.
B) authoritarian parenting.
C) authoritative parenting.
D) induction parenting.

60. Acknowledgments Step Up Created by: Questions written by:
John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
Questions written by:
Jason S. Spiegelman, M.A., ABD
Based on Psychology 6e,
by Hockenbury and Hockenbury
Published by Worth Publishers, 2013

61. Answers 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. C
10.
11. D
12. A
13. B
14.
15.
16.
17. A
18. B
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. C
24. D
25. C