1. Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematoda Phylum Annelida
The Worms
Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematoda Phylum Annelida

2. Phylum Platyhelminthes = Flatworms
Special Structures:
Ganglia
Ganglia – group of nerve cells
Flame Cells - specialized cells
that remove waste
materials
Pharynx - Food is drawn through
this tube
Eye spot
Nerve cord
Gastrovascular
cavity
Flame cells
Pharynx
Mouth

3. Phylum Platyhelminthes = Flatworms
Body symmetry: Bilateral
Body cavity: acoelomate
Respiratory, Circulatory: diffusion
Excretory: flame cells

4. Phylum Platyhelminthes = Flatworms
Response: ganglia (simple)
Feeding: carnivores or parasitic
Movements: Cilia and muscle cells
Reproduction: sexual (hermaphroditic)

5. Phylum Platyhelminthes = Flatworms
Examples: Planaria, Fluke, Tapeworm

6. Tapeworms The largest tapeworms can grow up to 58ft long
You can become contaminated by eating infected food
They harm what they are living in by stealing vital nutrients. (House episode)

7. Flukes
Humans ingest the eggs of flukes by eating raw fish, or eating the plant stalks of bamboo or other things that grow in a moist fresh water.
Most common in Asia

8. Phylum Nematoda = Round Worms
Retract piercing device
mouth
Special Structures:
pharynx
Dioecious - each organism is only one sex; separate sexes
Hydrostatic skeleton - layers of circular and longitudinal muscles, together with the water in the gastrovascular cavity, that enable movement
Sense organs - neuron that reacts to a specific stimulus, such as light
intestine
pseudocoelom
anus

9. Phylum Nematoda = Round Worms
Body symmetry: Bilateral
Body cavity: Pseudocoelomates
Respiratory, Circulatory, Excretory: diffusion
Response: ganglia (simple), sense organs
(detect chemicals)

10. Phylum Nematoda = Round Worms
Feeding: parasitic
Movements: muscles, hydrostatic skeleton
Reproduction: sexual  dioecious

11. Phylum Nematoda = Round Worms
Examples: trichinosis, filarial worms,
Ascaris, hookworms

12. Trichinosis Caused by eating raw pork
Biblical reasoning to not eat pork

13. Ascaris Effect the intestine and can cause a blockage.
Most symptoms are diahhrea, nausea, etc.

14. Filarial worms
Contracted by horse fly or deer fly also causes elephantitis

15. hookworms
Humans can contract hookworms by walking barefoot on contaminated soil.
Also by eating improperly washed vegetables

16. Pin worm
Scratching infected area and touching someone else and passing on eggs. Then they are ingested and the process occurs again.

17. Phylum Annelida = Segmented Worms
Special Structures:
anus
Satae – external bristles for movement
satae
Nephridia-excretory organ
that filters fluid
in the coelom (primitive kidney)
metameres
gizzard
crop
Clitellum-Secretes a mucus
ring into which eggs & sperm
are released & then forms
a protective cocoon.
clitellum
mouth
brain
Metameres-Body segments
nephridia
ganglia
Septa-thin walls that separate body segments

18. Phylum Annelida = Segmented Worms
Body symmetry: Bilateral
Body cavity: Coelomates
Respiratory: gills (aquatic) or through skin
Circulatory: closed circulatory system

19. Phylum Annelida = Segmented Worms
Excretory: Nephridia
Response: Brain with dorsal & ventral nerve cords,
some sense organs
Feeding: aquatic – filter feeders; detritivores; parasitic
Movements: satae, muscles, hydrostatic skeleton
Reproduction: sexual & some hermaphroditic

20. Phylum Annelida = Segmented Worms
Examples: earthworm & leech

21. leeches
Attach to their host until they are full and then fall off to digest.
In some cases a leech carries the diseases from prior hosts and infects the new host (HIV, Hepatitis).