1. NS9750 - Training Hardware

2. NS9750 System Overview

3. A NET+ARM Processor The highest performance Network Attached processor available in the market NS9750 - A NET+ARM Processor The highest performance Network Attached processor available in the market The most advanced ARM9 processor Rich set of components & peripherals Deterministic performance Low latency

4. NS9750 352-pin, 35mm X 35mm BGA, 35mmx35mm, 1.27mm pitch 4K SIM 100MHz GPIO (50 Pins) 50, 40.5, or 31 MHz Peripheral Bus Bridge 32b-D, 32b-A 27-Channel DMA USB HDLC 1284 I2CI2C LCD Controller Power Manager CLK Generation Interrupt Controller AHB Arbiter ARM926EJ-S 200, 162, or 125MHz 8kB I-Cache 4kB D-Cache JTAG Test and Debug 10/100 Ethernet MII/RMII MAC Multiple Bus Master/ Distributed DMA Memory Controller Ext. Peripheral Controller PCI/CardBus Bridge 33 MHz 100, 81, or 62.5 MHz AMBA AHB Bus 32b-D, 32b-A ARM 16 General Purpose Timers/Counters Serial Module x4 UART SPI

5. Mercury System Overview Two Internal System Buses –Main System Bus: 100 MHz AHB Bus –Peripheral Bus: 50 MHz B-Bus Two External Buses –100 MHz Memory Bus: Supports SDRAM, FLASH, SRAM, Peripheral w/ SRAM interface –33 MHz PCI Bus: Supports 3 external PCI devices

6. Mercury System Overview System Block Diagram

8. Mercury System Overview Main System Bus Components –CPU: 200 MHz ARM 926EJ-S, Master –Ethernet Controller w/o PHY, Master/Slave –Color LCD Controller, Master/Slave –PCI Host/Device Bridge, Master/Slave –B-Bus Bridge, Master/Slave –Color Laser Printer Controller, Master/Slave –Memory Controller, Slave Only

9. Mercury System Overview Main System Bus Utilities –System Clock Generation –System Control Timers and General Purpose Timers –Prioritized Vectored Interrupt Controller –Bus Bandwidth Configurable Bus Arbiter –System Sleep/Wake-up Processor

10. Mercury System Overview Peripheral Bus Components –USB Host/Device: 1.5 Mbytes/sec. –I2C Controller: 400Kbits/sec. Clock Stretching, Bus Arbitration. –IEEE1284 Device Interface: 1MBytes/sec. –Serial Module: 4 Independent Ports, Software selectable UART (Standard Rates), HDLC (6 Mbits/sec.), SPI (6Mbits/sec.) –GPIO

11. Mercury System Overview Peripheral Bus Utilities –DMA Controller –Bus Monitor Timers

12. Mercury System Performance System Performance is Memory Centric Operating Frequencies Memory System Throughput Data Bandwidth Allocation Interrupt Latency Power Consumption

13. Mercury System Performance Operating Frequencies –CPU: 200 MHz –All AHB Bus Components: 100 MHz –Printer Data Clock: 100 MHz –All B-Bus Components: 50 MHz –USB: 12 Mbits/sec. –Async Serial Comm: Standard Rates up to 1.9 Mbits/sec –Sync Serial Comm: up to 6 Mbits/sec

14. Mercury System Performance Memory System (SDRAM) Performance –Worstcase Data Bandwidth: 200 Mbytes/sec. Burst of 8 Access –Average Data Bandwidth: 230 Mbytes/sec. Burst of 8 Access –50% Bandwidth Prioritized to CPU –50% Bandwidth Prioritized to all other AHB Masters –Bandwidth Allocation Controlled by AHB Bus Arbiter

15. Mercury System Performance Guaranteed Data Bandwidth Allocation –Worstcase Bandwidth Calculation Formula (100Mclks / 2) / (16clks X # of non-CPU masters) X 32 Bytes/sec X # of slots occupied –Total Of 16 non-CPU Master Slots –A Master Can Occupy More Than One Slot –A Master Can Occupy a Fraction of One Slot –A Master May Occupy No Slot (disabled)

16. Mercury System Performance Interrupt Latency –Latency is measured from Interrupt Assertion to the execution of the 1 st instruction of the ISR –Latency Calculation Formula: Clks of current instruction + clks of reading interrupt vector + clks of jump to top level IRS + clks of parse thru interrupt sources + clks of jump to final ISR –Total Of 32 Interrupt Vectors (entries) to minimize # of interrupt sources per vector –Deterministic Interrupt Latency Achievable

17. Mercury System Performance Power Consumption

18. ARM 926EJ-S CPU Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) Five-Stage Pipe Line Harvard Architecture 8K I-Cache, 4K D-Cache Memory Management Unit JAVA Accelerator DSP Extension Thumb Mode

19. ARM 926EJ-S CPU Reduced Instruction Set –32-bit ARM Instructions is a superset of 16-bit Thumb Instructions –32-bit ARM Instructions Move, Arithmetic, Logical, Branch, Load, Store, Cache Hint, Swap, Software Interrupt, Software Breakpoint –16-bit Thumb Instructions Move, Arithmetic, Logical, Shift/Rotate, Branch, Load, Store, Push/Pop, Software Interrupt, Software Breakpoint. –Thumb mode has Full 32-bit register advantage

20. ARM 926EJ-S CPU Five Stage Pipe Line

21. ARM 926EJ-S CPU Harvard Architecture –Separated Data and Instruction Path –Separated Data and Instruction Cache –Balanced CPU access to data and instructions benefits the most –Example: DSP Processor

22. ARM 926EJ-S CPU 8K I-Cache, 4K D-Cache –4-Way Set Associative Cache –D-Cache Write-Thru mode is recommended due to no bus snooping –Programmable Pseudo-random or Round-Robin Replacement –Write buffer to improve system performance

23. ARM 926EJ-S CPU Memory Management Unit –Required by Symbian OS, WindowsCE, and Linux –Two level page tables in main memory to control Address translation Permission checks Memory region attributes –Use Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) to cache page tables –TLB entries can be locked down

24. ARM 926EJ-S CPU JAVA Accelerator –Efficient JAVA Byte Code Execution –Similar JAVA performance to JIT w/o associated code overhead

25. ARM 926EJ-S CPU DSP Extension –Combines system control and signal processing (DSP) into one processor. –Intel has adopted ARMs DSP extension in their Xscale Microarchitecture. –New powerful Multiply instructions –New Saturation extension for stable control loops and bit-exact algorithm –Cache Preload instruction –New instructions to load and store pairs of registers.

26. ARM 926EJ-S CPU Thumb Mode –16-bit instruction set improves Code Density Thumb code is typically 65% of the size of ARM code –Full 32-bit register advantage –Interchangeable with ARM mode dynamically –All exception handlings are in ARM mode –Power up in ARM mode

27. System Boot Low cost boot from serial EEPROM through SPI port High speed boot from 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit ROM or Flash NS9750 Memory CTL External System Memory Flash or ROM Memory Bus BBUS to AHB Bridge AHB Serial EEPROM SPI