1. Do Now
Do you think children should be taught multiple languages? Why or why not?

2. Unit 7B Cognition : Thinking, Problem Solving, Creativity, & Language

3. Language Structure Language can be spoken, written, or signed
3 building blocks for spoken language
Phonemes
smallest distinct sound unit
EX: b, a, t
Morphemes
smallest unit that carries meaning
EX: s = multiple, ed = in the past,
pre= before
Grammar
rules that allow us to communicate
Semantics
rules for using morphemes
EX: add ed to the end to mean happened in the past
Syntax:
rules for combining words & making sentences
EX: adjectives come before nouns (pretty girl)

5. Language Acquisition Receptive Language Productive Language
children begin learning language by just listening and taking in sounds, mouth movement etc.
Productive Language
children begin to produce aspects of language
Babbling Stage
random sounds (4 months)
EX: blah blah blah.. dadadaaada
1 Word Stage
child speaks in 1 words
EX: Doggy = look at the doggy
2 Word Stage
child speaks in 2 words (Telegraphic speech)
EX: Want juice = I want juice please

6. Language Development Skinner – learning-theory approach Chomsky
Learn to talk through operant conditioning
children learn to speak by being rewarded for making sounds that approximate speech with language ultimately sounding more and more like adult speech
Chomsky
Believes that humans are born with an innate linguistic capability
Supports this idea with the idea that languages have a universal grammar (similar underlying structure of all world languages)
language acquisition device
a neural system of the brain for understanding language that is “switched on” by exposure to language in our environment

7. Language & Thinking Benjamin Whorf
linguistic determinism hypothesis
language shapes the way we think and perceive the world
Yet we also think without using language at all (mental images/cognitive maps)…so most psychologists believe that it is probably our thoughts that influence our language

8. Today Quiz on Qs #8-11 Questions about FRQ Review Crossword for 7B
HW= study for Exam tomorrow